第11届全运会女子三级跳远运动员三跳技术运动学分析.docVIP

第11届全运会女子三级跳远运动员三跳技术运动学分析 　　摘要：对参加第11届全运会田径比赛女子三级跳远决赛前8名运动员三跳技术的相关运动学参数进行研究，结果表明：我国女子三级跳远运动员助跑绝对速度和起跳速度利用率较差，只有8.96 m/s和95.5%，与世界女子三级跳运动员的9.41 m/s和98.2%相比，差异具有显著性(P0.01)；起跳脚着地与离地瞬间身体重心水平速度较差，只有8.71 m/s，与世界选手的9.33 m/s相比，差异有非常显著性(P0.01)；单足跳与跨步跳时的身体重心腾起角度适宜，分别为(17.19±4.37)°、(15.07±4.12)°，但最后跳跃的身体重心腾起角过大(23.57±4.12)°，超过世界运动员的16°~20°；三跳的支撑总时间较长，起跳效果不理想。 　　关键词：运动学；女子三级跳远；三跳技术；第11届全运会 　　中图分类号：G823.4文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-7116(2011)02-0106-06 　　 　　Kinematic analysis of triple jump techniques of women triple jumpers in the 11th National Games 　　LIU Sheng-jie，WANG Guo-xiang 　　（School of Physical Education，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006，China） 　　 　　Abstract: The authors studied kinematic parameters relating to triple jump techniques of top 8 triple jumpers participating in women triple jump final in track and field competition in the 11th National Games, and revealed the following findings: women triple jumpers in China had a poor absolute run-up speed and a poor take-off speed utilization rate, which were respectively 8.96 m/s and 95.5%, significantly different from 9.41 m/s and 98.2% achieved by world triple jumpers (P0.01); at the moment the take-off leg lands and takes off, their body center of gravity had a poor horizontal speed, which was only 8.71 m/s, very significantly different from world 9.33 m/s (P0.01); during hopping and striding, their body center of gravity had appropriate lift-off angles, which were respectively (17.19±4.37)° and (15.07±4.12)°, but at the last leap, their body center of gravity had a too big lift-off angle, which was (23.57±4.12)°, bigger than 16°~20° achieved by world triple jumpers; their triple jump duration was relatively long, and their take-off effect was not ideal. 　　Key words: kinematics；women triple jump；three jump technique；11th National Games in China 　　 　　女子三级跳远是一个较新的运动项目，1990年国际田联才确定其为正式比赛项目。女子三级跳远曾是我国的优势项目，第一个女子三级跳远世界纪录就是由我国运动员李惠荣创造的14.54 m。然而，随着世界女子三级跳远运动的发展，我国女子三级跳远水平逐渐落后于世界水平。如何提高我国女子三级跳远运动水平，缩小与世界水平的差距，是我们每个教练员和体育科技人