奥利亚罗非鱼遗传多样性相关研究-动物遗传育种与繁殖专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE VI 性指数、平均核苷酸差异数分别为 12、0.494、0.00065、0.739，均低于武鸣群体的 0.677、 0.00090、1.022。两个群体 70 尾个体总共检测出 14 种单倍型，共享单倍型为 10 个，单 倍型 Hap_2 在所有单倍型中分布最为广泛。单倍型系统发育树结果显示，奥利亚罗非鱼 与萨罗罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼的亲缘性很近，与鲤鱼、斑马鱼的亲缘性较远。该结果与本 研究中 D-loop 区、CoI 基因的系统进化树的结果大体一致。 4. 运用 20 对微卫星标记探讨了奥利亚罗非鱼的遗传多样性，结果表明 两个奥 利亚罗非鱼群体各项遗传多样性指标保持着较高的水平。另外，研究发现人工选育会导 致经济性状优良的基因型频率上升并在群体中进一步纯化均一，进而使群体遗传多样性 水平有所降低。两个群体的奥利亚罗非鱼出现了一定的遗传分化，因此必须加强其保种 育种工作。 综上所述，本研究对 奥利亚罗非鱼的遗传 多样性开展了一些研 究，揭示了 奥 利亚罗非鱼群体的遗传多样性水平，将对今后罗非鱼育种工作的开展提供一定的 科学依据。 关键词：奥利亚罗非鱼 线粒体 DNA 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 Study on the genetic diversity of Oreochromisco aureus Abstract Tilapia,which is the main cultured species that the UN Food and Agriculture (FAO) recommendto the world, is also known as one of the main sources of animal proteins in the future. Tilapia industry has also become one of the most pillar industries of aquaculture in China. In this study, by using molecular biology, we analyzed the genetic diversity of Oreochromisco aureus, the following results will accelerate the development of tilapia industry. We made a research on the mtDNA D-loop of two Oreochromisco aureus, populations (A total of 70 individuals ), the size of the entire sequence was about 1000bp.The number of mutation loci, haplotype diversity index, nucleotide diversity index, the average number of nucleotide differences of Nama were 24, 0.795, 0.00176, 1.640, respectively; and that of Wuming were respectively 25, 0.822, 0.00191, 1.788. Of 70 individuals, 32 kinds of haplotypes were found, and there were 6 kinds of Shared haplotypes, among those Hap_24 were most widely distributed. The phylogenetic tree of haplotypes showed that Oreochromisco aureus and Nile tilapia were firstly together as one, Then clustered into one with Sarotherodon melanotheron, Finally with Rainbow trout, Weeve, Plecoglossus altivelis, Carp and Zebrafish. These two geographic populations intertwined and showed no geographic differences, reflecting extensive gene flow and a certain genetic differentiation. A research o