制冷专业英语讲义.pptVIP

Since the length of a pipe is generally greater than its diameter, the heat transfer coefficient for vertical pipes is larger than for horizontal pipes. Convection from horizontal plates facing downward when heated (or upward when cooled) is a special case.6 Since the hot air is above the colder, there is no theoretical reason for convection. Some convection is caused, however, by secondary influences such as temperature differences on the edges of the plate. 通常管路的长度远大于其直径，垂直管的换热系数较水平管要大。水平板的对流当加热时向下（冷却时向上）这是一个特例。因为热空气处于冷空气之上，对流换热的理论动因不存在。然而，由于平板边缘的温差等次要影响而引起对流换热。 As an approximation, a coefficient of somewhat less than half of the coefficient for a heated horizontal plate facing upward can be used. Since air is often the heat transport fluid, simplified equations for air are given. Other information on natural convection is available in the general heat transfer references. 作为一个近似值，其值略低于向上热传递情况下传热系数的二分之一。 空气是常用的热传递流体，给出了一些专用的计算公式。其他的自然对流的相关信息可以查阅一般的传热学参考资料。 Since the heat transfer coefficient in the mixed convection region is often larger than that calculated based on the natural or forced convection calculation alone, which is called to references on combined free and forced convection heat transfer. 7 混合对流取的传热系数通常大于单纯的自然对流或者强制对流的计算值。被称为自由强制混合对流换热系数。 The reference given before summarizes natural, mixed, and forced convection regimes for vertical and horizontal tubes. Local conditions influence the values of the convection coefficient in a mixed convection regime, but the references permit locating the pertinent regime and approximating the convection coefficient. 前述的参考文献对自然、混合及强制对流的垂直和水平管进行了总结概述。局部条件影响混合对流换热系数，而参考文献允许根据具体问题对对流换热系数进行近似取值。 Adjacent [?d?e?s(?)nt] a. 邻近的, 接近的 appropriate [?pr??pr??t] a. 适当的 approximate [?pr?ks?m?t] a. 近似的, 大约的;v. 近似, 接近, 接近, 约计 approximation n. 接近, 走近, [数]近似值 density n. 密度 distribution n. 分配,分布,分布状态,区分,发行 geometry [d???m?tr?] n. 几何学 gravity n. 重量，引力，重力，地心引力 horizontal [h?r?z?nt(?)l] a. 地平线的,水平的 influence n. 影