关节学关节肌肉完整课件.ppt

* * 躯干-扁肌 四肢-长肌 * 肌腹收缩，与肌腱区别 * 起点：运动时相对固定的的一端。近端。可以相互转化。 止点：运动时移动的一端。远端。 Nomenclature of mucles 肌的命名: shape size Location their points of attachment * Skeletal muscles can shorten to 70% of resting length Power, speed, and range of movement Depend on positions of muscle attachment Relative to joints Motor neurons stimulate muscle fibers to contract Neuron axons branch so that each muscle fiber (muscle cell) is innervated Form a neuromuscular junction (= myoneural junction) Capillary beds surround muscle fibers Muscles require large amts of energy Extensive vascular network delivers nec