Special Topics on Separation Using Supercritical Fluids化学.pptVIP

Content of Lectures NCHU-ChE: Ch. 1-* 超臨界流體分離技術 Special Topics on Separation Using Supercritical Fluids 化學工程學系 與 環境工程學系 碩博士班 選修課程 國立中興大學 化材館 Overview on Separation Processes with scFluids Solubility in Supercritical Fluids/ Phase Equilibria Extraction from Solid Substrates (I, II) Countercurrent Multistage Extraction (I, II) Topics I Solvent Cycle, Heat/ Mass Transfer, Precipitation Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, SFC Membrane Separation Enzymatic Reactions in scFluids for Separation Crystallization in Supercritical Fluids General Aspects of Separation Processes Videos Visited to Supercritical Fluid Plants Topics II Raw Materials Separation Clean Air Contaminants Effluent Air Reaction Recovery Separation Purification Separation Separation Recycle Side Products Products Effluent Water Contaminants Clean Water Generalized Process Scheme Focus on Chemistry and Reactor Technology Separation Technology was Added Afterwards for Recovery and Purification of Products from Reaction Mixtures Minimisation of Waste Discharged into the Environment Chemical Engineering Education Focussed on Large Scale Petrochemical Separations Separation Technology in the Past Consequences: Chemistry and Reactor Technology Capabilities Limits Maximum Yields Minimal Time for Separation Technology Development Most New Processes use Existing Separation Technology Drive for Product Purity and Environmental Impact Minimi-zation Results in Increased Production Separation Technology in the Past Best Known Most Used Strengths: Limited Equipment Simple Staging Economy of Scale Energy Costs Reliable Design and Scale Up Distillation Conventional Process Low Relative Volatilities Azeotropes Close Boiling Points Isomers Feed Composition Low Concentrations with High Boiling Point Overlapping Boiling Points Non-Volatile Components Extreme Conditions (Pressure, Temperature) Small Capacities Product Degradation Fouling Uneconomical for Environmental Applications Limits