北京市生态系统服务价值时间变化与区域差异分析.docVIP

北京市生态系统服务价值时间变化与区域差异分析 　　（北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京100083） 　　摘要：以北京市1992和2007年遥感图像和统计数据为依据，分析了北京市土地利用结构的变化，对不同时期生态系统服务价值进行了动态评估，并依据各区生态系统服务价值对北京市生态系统服务进行分区规划.结果表明：北京市土地利用发生了很大变化，1992年以林地和农田为最主要的利用方式，2007年林地、草地、农田、建设用地所占比重都比较突出，显现了大都市各种用地较均衡的局面；研究期内总的生态系统服务价值由528.27亿元降至485.04亿元，其中农田的变化量最大，生态系统服务价值减少66.2亿元，变化率达49.74%，林地生态系统服务价值随森林覆盖率的提高增加29.36亿元，由于水域单位面积生态系统服务价值很高，其面积减少不大，但生态系统服务价值减少了9.27亿元，草地面积增加较大，其生态价值呈增长趋势；依据各区各类型生态系统服务价值，将北京市划分为水源涵养区、生态屏障区和生态涵养区、城市未来发展区、首都功能核心区和城市功能拓展区5类，为宏观控制土地利用提供依据，便于实现各功能分区的差别化管理. 　　关键词：生态系统服务价值；土地利用结构；时间变化；功能分区北京市 　　中图分类号：S718.557文献标识码：A文章编号：1671-3168（2011）02-0038-05 　　 　　Temporal Variation and Regional Differences of Ecosystem Services Value 　　 of Beijing 　　 　　ZHU Wen-de, CHEN Jin, WEI Tian-Xing 　　（School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forest University, Beijing 100083, China） 　　Abstract: Based on remote sensing image and statistical data of Beijing in 1992 and 2007,land using changes and ecosystem service value in different periods have been analyzed and dynamically assessed. According to the value of various ecosystem services, the ecosystem services zoning planning was carried out. The results showed that: great changes have taken place in land using in Beijing. Woodland and farmland were the main way of utilizing in 1992, while the proportion of woodland, grassland, farmland and construction sites were relatively conspicuous in 2007. This showed a more balanced situation of various land using in the city. The total value of ecosystem services fell to 48.504 billion yuan from 52.827 billion yuan in the study period, of which the largest amount of change was farmland, reduced to 6.62 billion yuan and change rate of 49.74%. The value of woodland ecosystem services increased 2.936 billion yuan as increased forest coverage. Due to high value of per unit area of water ecosystem service, decreased value of its ecosystem services was 927 million yuan. Grassland area increased greatly and its ecological value was presenting an increas