必修4-unit3-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补.docVIP

第 第 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 页 共 NUMPAGES \* MERGEFORMAT 1 页 动词的-ing形式作定语、表语和宾语补足语 ▼作定语 动词的-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，有的可置于名词前，有的需要置于名词后。它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是有差别的。 动名词作定语：表示被修饰词的某种用途（此时动词的-ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面）意为“作……用”，相当于一个for引导的介词短语。 ● a walking stick (= a stick for walking= a stick which is used for walking) 拐杖 ● a washing machine (= a machine for washing= a machine which is used for washing) 洗衣机 ● a reading room (= a room for reading= a room which is used for reading) 阅览室 ● a measuring tape (= a tape for measuring= a tape which is used for measuring) 卷尺、皮尺 ● sleeping pills (= pills for sleeping= pills which are used for sleeping)安眠药 ▼常用必背 ● a bathing cap 浴帽 ● a changing room 更衣室 ● a waiting room 等候室、候诊室 ● a watering room 喷壶 ● a guessing game 猜字游戏 ● an ironing board 烫衣板 ● a collecting tin 募捐盒 ● a hiding place 藏身处 ● a racing bicycle 赛车 ● an operating table 手术台 ●building materials 建筑材料 ●a diving board 跳板 现在分词作定语：表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近于一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。 →China is a fast developing country.中国是一个快速发展的国家。 →He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the sleeping child. 为了不吵醒那个在睡觉的孩子，他说话声音很低。 ▼常用必背 ●falling leaves 落叶 ●boiling water 开水 ●the setting sun 落日 ●the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳 ●the coming week 下周 ●the suffering people受苦的人们 现在分词短语作定语 现在分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，其用法相当于一个定语从句 →The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. 坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是报校的编辑。 →Those wishing to join this club should sign here.(= Those who wish to join the club should sign here.) 想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。 →The professor giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University. 正在做有关污染报告的那位教授来自哈佛大学。 【随即随练】翻译下面的短语 1.a writing table 写字台 2. reading materials 阅读材料 3. working hours 工作时间 4. smoking room 吸烟室 5. a dancing hall 舞厅 6. a swimming pool