疼痛、相关概念、诊断、评估与治疗概述课件.ppt

To elevate the awareness of the unmet need for effective pain treatment, the American Pain Society (APS) has redefined pain as the Fifth Vital Sign?.1 It is recommended that healthcare professionals assess patients for pain every time they check for temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration1 According to the APS, quality care includes the measurement and treatment of pain1 ? Reference: 1. Pain: the 5th Vital Sign?. American Pain Society Web site. Available at: /advocacy/fifth.htm. Accessed November 14, 2003.  这张图，示意了西乐葆的止痛机理。首先，也是最主要的，是在外周损伤组织周围消除导致疼痛的炎症因子，从而消炎镇痛。另外，新研究显示，手术等创伤能够