大连理工大学-药物化学-第二章中枢神经系统用药1.pptVIP

第二章中枢神经系统药物(6学时） Central Nervous System Drugs Contents 第一节 镇静催眠药 (sedative-hypnotics) Sedatives are drugs which exert a quietening effect accompanied by relaxation and rest but do not necessarily induce sleep. Hypnotics are drugs which induce sleep and are synonymous with somnifacient and soporific. 镇静药使患者安静。催眠药使患者思睡。二者无明显区别，小剂量时镇静；中剂量可催眠；大剂量可产生麻醉、抗惊厥作用。可治疗癫痫、焦虑。 Classification Barbiturates: 1900s 巴比妥类:异戊苯巴比妥 Benzodiazepines (BZD ): 1960s 苯二氮?类:地西泮 Other types: 1990s 非苯二氮氮?类GABAA受体激动剂 唑吡坦 1、Benzodiazepines ：Diazepam (地西泮) 命 名 命名：指示氢 (Indicated Hydrogen) Benzodiazepines 结构特征