2014年九年级英语人教版宾语从句讲解及练习.docVIP

宾语从句 一、宾语从句概念：句子在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语） She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语） 二、宾语从句三要素 (1) 连接词 (2)语序 (3)时态 （一）、宾语从句的连接词 (1) that引导 (2).whether/if引导 (3).连接代词 who whom whose what which (4). 连接副词when why where how 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 1). He asked who could answer the question 2). Do you know whom they are waiting for？ 3). He asked whose bike was the best in the class4). Do you know when we’ll have a meeting？ 5). Please tell me where he is？6). Can you tell me how I can get to the station？ 7). Could you tell me why the train is late 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 【拓展】：只能用whether不能用if的情况 1.在介词后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2.在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating. 3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. （二）、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. （三）宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? .否定前移： 当主句的谓语动词是suppose, guess, believe, think等，后接从句的否定词常要前移，即否定主句动词。 如：I don’t believe you have finished