Unit I Fundamental PrinciplesMs Browns Economics Classes 我单位的基本原则-布朗女士的经济学课程.docVIP

Name: ___________________________ Team: ___________________________ _____/24 _____/24 _____/26 _____/20 _____/20 _____/10 Total: /100 AP Macro Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts Problem Set #1 Complete each of the following tasks with short paragraphs: Explain the relationship between scarcity, choices, and trade-offs (____/5) Differentiate between the following terms: price, costs, and opportunity cost (____/4) Fully explain the difference between the following (USE EXAMPLES): Consumer Goods and Capital Goods (____/3) Normative and Positive Economics (____/3) Allocative and Productive Efficiency (_____/3) Free-Market and Centrally Planned Economies (_____/3) Resource Markets and Product Markets (____/3) Draw Production Possibilities Graph for the Ford Motor Co. using the following information: (____/5 A B C D E F G Cars 0 10 18 25 30 33 35 Trucks 45 42 39 33 25 15 0 What are the consequences of Ford producing at combination A? Combination G? In reality, are either combinations desirable? Why? Why not? (____/5) Plot the combination with 20 cars and 40 trucks and label it “X.” Plot the combination with 25 cars and 20 trucks and label it “Y.” Explain what is happening at these points? (____/5) Explain, with examples, how your graph shows 5 concepts: opportunity costs, efficiency, unemployment, the law of increasing opportunity costs, and economic growth. (____/11) Use the PPF-A and PPF-B on the back of this paper to answer the following: On PPF-A, what is the opportunity cost from point a to b in terms of guns? What about moving from b to c? What generalizations can you make? (____/5) On PPF-B, what is the opportunity cost from point a to b in terms of guns? What is the PER UNIT OPPORTUNITY COST from moving from c to e? (____/5) Which PPF shows increasing opportunity costs? Use numerical examples to explain why? (____/5) Fully explain three specific situations that would shift PPF-B outward. Draw and label these chang