附睾小体功能蛋白及sRNA研究进展.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2018 年 3 月, 40(3): 197―206 综 述 附睾小体功能蛋白及sRNA 研究进展 肖娟，王讯，罗毅，李晓开，李学伟 四川农业大学动物科技学院，动物遗传育种研究所，成都 611130 摘要 : 精液质量是反映男性生殖健康最基本和最重要的指标。哺乳动物的精子需在附睾中经历一系列复杂的结 构与功能的变化才能成熟并具有潜在受精能力。精子成熟是由大量转录因子、激素等信号分子协同调控的复杂 生理过程。近年来越来越多的证据表明附睾小体(epididymosomes) 中的功能蛋白和sRNAs(small RNAs)可参与调 节精子成熟及受精等过程。本文主要综述了附睾小体中功能蛋白及两类主要的 sRNAs(tRNAs 和miRNAs) 的生 物学作用，以期为男性不育等疾病的治疗提供一定的理论指导和新的治疗思路。 关键词 : 精液；exosome ；附睾小体；蛋白质；miRNA ；tsRNA Research progress in sRNAs and functional proteins in epididymosomes Juan Xiao, Xun Wang, Yi Luo, Xiaokai Li, Xuewei Li College of Animal Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China Abstract : The semen quality is a basic and the most important indicator of male reproductive health. Mammalian spermatozoa undergo a series of complex structural and functional changes in the epididymis to mature and achieve fertilization capacity. Sperm cell maturation is mediated by a complex physiological process, which is synergistically regulated by a large number of transcription factors, hormones and other signaling molecules. In recent years, there is increasing evidence supporting the notion that functional proteins and sRNA (small RNAs) in epididymosomes par- ticipate in sperm maturation and fertilization process. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of functional proteins and two major sRNAs (tRNAs and miRNAs) in sperm maturation in epididymosomes, and provide some theoretical guidance and new ideas for treatments of low fertility, infertility and other reproductive diseases in men. Keywords: semen; exosome; epididymosomes; protein; miRNA; tsRNA 收稿日期: 20 17−09−15; 修回日期: 20 18−0 1−29 基金项目: 四川省科技厅应用基础计划（编号：2016JY0167 ），四川省教育厅重点项目(编号：15ZA0008) ，四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目(编号： 2015TD0012)和农业部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(编号：