厌氧消化过程稳定性与微生物群落的相关性.PDF

中国环境科学 2016,36(11) ：3397~3404 China Environmental Science 厌氧消化过程稳定性与微生物群落的相关性 李 蕾,何 琴,马 垚,赵小飞,瞿 莉,王小铭,彭绪亚* (重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重 庆 400045) 摘要：为探析厌氧消化过程稳定性与微生物群落的相关性,在餐厨垃圾厌氧消化反应器中引入负荷扰动以诱导不同的运行状态,理化分析 和高通量测序相结合用于研究各个状态下的状态参数响应及微生物群落动态.结果表明,均衡的群落结构保证了反应器的稳定运行,稳定状 态下反应器的甲烷产率和挥发性固体(VS)去除率分别高达(0.50±0.01) LCH /gVS 和(89.58±0.08)%.高负荷下产酸细菌(柔膜菌门、放线菌门) 4 大量增殖,诱导互养脂肪酸降解菌(梭菌纲) 的相对丰度剧增,然而与之互营的氢型产甲烷菌的丰度和活性却下降了.产甲烷菌与互养脂肪酸 降解菌的失衡导致它们不能有效的互养合作,从而引起挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)积累和过程失稳.积累的 VFA 和氨使比乙酸产甲烷活性(SAMA) 和比产甲烷活性(SMA)分别下降 60.12%和 72.51%,进一步加剧了过程失稳.扰动停止后,尽管反应器恢复了原有运行条件和性能,但微生物 群落达到了新的平衡. 关键词：餐厨垃圾；厌氧消化；过程稳定性；微生物群落；454 高通量测序 中图分类号：X705 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2016)11-3397-08 Investigation on the relationship between process stability and microbial community in anaerobic digestion. LI Lei, * HE Qin, MA Yao, ZHAO Xiao-fei, QU Li, WANG Xiao-ming, PENG Xu-ya (Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China). China Environmental Science, 2016,36(11)：3397~3404 Abstract ：To explore the relationship between process stability and microbial community in anaerobic digestion, organic loading rate (OLR) disturbances were introduced into an anaerobic digester treating food waste (FW) to induce different process stages. Physico-chemical analysis along with the 454-pyrosequencing microbial technique were performed to monitor the responses of state parameters as well as the dynamics of microbial community. Results showed that balanced community structure ensured the stable operation of the digester. Under steady-state conditions, the methane yield reached (0.50±0.01) LCH4/gVS and volatile solids