922例重症院前急救患儿流行病学分析及转运的探讨.docVIP

922例重症院前急救患儿流行病学分析及转运的探讨 　　【摘要】 目的 探讨922例重症院前急救患儿的流行病学特点及转运方法， 总结本地区重症患儿院前急救的流行病学特点。方法 回顾性分析急救中心受理的922例重?Y患儿的性别、年龄、疾病类型、救治情况、转运效果等指标。通过数据分析， 找出本地区重症患儿院前急救疾病谱、发病时间、转运高峰、救治关键的规律和特点。结果 疾病分布中以新生儿疾病最多（560例， 占60.74%）， 比例最高的为早产儿生活能力低下（264例， 占47.14%）；市内运转696例， 占75.49%；市外运转226例， 占24.51%；运转半径为3～150 km， 院前急救反应时间为3～40 min。结论 通过对转运危重患儿病情的早期识别、生命支持措施等转运策略优化， 能够提高转运成功率， 提高危重患儿的救治率。 　　【关键词】 院前急救；转运；小儿危重症 　　DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.06.093 　　【Abstract】 Objective To explore the epidemiological analysis and transfer method of 922 cases of severely ill children with pre-hospital emergency， and to summarize epidemiological features of severely ill children with pre-hospital emergency in this region. Methods Retrospective analysis were made on indexes of gender， age， disease types， treatment situation and transfer effect in 922 critical illness children accepted in emergency center. Through data analysis， the rule and character of disease spectrum of pre-hospital emergency， onset time， transshipment peak and secure key were find out in severely ill children of this region. Results Newborn disease had the most cases （560 cases， accounting for 60.74%） in disease distribution， with highest percentage as low life ability for premature babies （264 cases， accounting for 47.14%）. There were 696 cases of inner city transfer cases， accounting for 75.49%， and 226 cases of outside city transfer cases， accounting for 24.51%， with transfer radius as 3～150 km， and pre-hospital emergency response time as 3～40 min. Conclusion Through early identification and life support measures for the disease of critically ill children， the success rate can be improved， and the secure rate of critically ill children can be improved. 　　【Key words】 Pre-hospital emergency； Transfer； Pediatric critical illness 　　儿童急救转运是一项主动把流动的重症加强护理病房（ICU）送到重症患儿身边的双程转运系统。与成人相比， 儿科急症以感染性和先天性疾病为主， 意外伤害因其发生率日益增高， 已成为儿童期死亡的首位原因。同时， 儿科疾病具有起病急、变化快、发展猛、病情险、病死率高的特点， 因此儿科急症的高风险性需要建立儿科急诊医疗体系[1]。而转运均需运用标准化的救护车， 转运过程中需要完善填写生命体征、血流动力