第7讲-英语汉语对比--形合意合.pptVIP

A Contrastive Study between Chinese and English Hypotaxis vs. parataxis [page31] The most important difference between the two languages lies in parataxis and hypotaxis． Most linguists agree Chinese tends to be a paratactic language, that is, connectives between different parts of the sentence or between clauses are not compulsory. Chinese has no relative words and uses fewer conjunctions than English. English tends to be a hypotactic language, which uses a lot of complex sentence structures and relations between clauses must be expressed by conjunctions or other relative words． Warm-up 1. We laughed as we sang and we danced. 2. Before them lay miles and miles of beautiful plain with lots of wild animals among the grass. 3. Chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had well nigh dispeopled the street. 4. 想要什么吃的，什么玩的，只管告诉我；丫头老婆们不好了，也只管告诉我。 Reference 1. 我们又唱又跳又笑。 2. 他们眼前是一片绵延数英里的美丽草原，绿草茵茵，野生动物出没其间。 3. 阵阵寒风带着雨意飕飕袭来，街上冷冷清清，几乎没有了行人。 （萧安溥，李郊《英汉翻译教程》P78-79） 4. Just tell me if you have a fancy for anything special to eat or pass the time with. When a housemaid or an old nurse becomes nasty, also let me know. (蒋坚松《英汉对比与汉译英研究》) The English are proud of the preciseness of their language, while we Chinese are proud of the conciseness of our mother tongue.  —— 著名学者、翻译家 辜鸿铭 萧安溥，李郊《英汉翻译教程》P77 就句子结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。法治的不管用得着用不着，总要呆板地求句子形式的一律；人治的用得着就用，用不着的就不用，只要能使对话人听懂说话人的意思就算了。 —— 著名语言学家 王力 Hypotaxis vs. parataxis 天净沙 · 秋思 马致远 枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家。 古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。 page 196 The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside. 彩虹有多种颜色，外圈红，内圈紫。 The present onslaught of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind. 车辆横冲直撞，严重地威胁着城市生活，路上行人无不提心吊胆。 （许建平 《英汉互译实践与技巧》） Practice The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1500 passengers to their deaths, has been celebrated in pr