Q-SPC培训讲座1408.ppt

* * * 統計製程管制 (SPC -- Statistical Process Control) 主講人 ：xxx 日期(Date)： xxx 部門(Department) ：Quality Assurance * * 內容　(Content) 前言 (Preface) 基本統計觀念 (Concept of Basic Statistic) 製程能力分析 ( Process Capability Study, Cpk) 管制圖 (Control Chart) * * 前言　(Preface) 品質成本 (Quality Costs) 品質改善之統計方法 (Statistical Methods Useful in Quality Improvement) * * 品質成本　(Quality Costs) * * 品質改善之統計方法　(Statistical Methods Useful in Quality Improvement) 統計是抽樣資料分析，作決策之藝術。 ( Statistics is the art of making decisions about a process or population based on an analysis of the information contained in a sample from that population.) 統計是品質改進不可或缺的角色。(Statistical methods play a vital role in quality improvement.) 統計提供主要的方法，進行產品之抽樣，測試，預估，並將這些資料用來控制及改善製程。(Statistical provide the principal means by which a product is sampled, tested, and evaluated, and the information in those data is used to control and improve the manufacturing process.) * * 品質改善之統計方法　(Statistical Methods Useful in Quality Improvement) 統計是在產品開發工程，製造，採購，管理及其他機能的原件，在品質方面業界共通的語言。(Statistics is the language in which development engineers, manufacturing, procurement, management, and other functional components of the business communicate about quality.) * * 基本統計觀念　(Concept of Basic Statistic) 抽樣 (Sampling) 平均值 (Mean) 標準差 (Standard Deviation) 常態分配 (Normal Distribution) * * 抽樣　(Sampling) 抽樣檢驗就是由樣本中，估計整批貨的品質狀況。 Sampling inspection is to use sample to estimate the quality of the lot shipment. * * 平均值　(Mean) 平均值即把每個樣本值加總，除以樣本數。 n: 樣本數(sample size) 樣本平均數用來估計母體平均數u (Sample mean is to estimate population u) * * 標準差　(Standard Deviation) 標準差愈大，代表樣本分配愈分散。 The bigger the standard deviation is, the more diverse the distribution of sample is. * * 例題　(Example) * * 常態分配　(Normal Distribution) 製程能力分析及管制圖皆以常態分配為基礎。(Production capability study and control chart is based on normal distribution.) * * 製程能力分析 ( Process Capability Study, Cpk) CP CPK * * CP ---- 製程變異之控制 (control of process variability) USL: 規格上限 (Upper Spec. Limit); LSL: 規格下限 (Low