马斯洛层次需求理论.doc

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow has developed a famous theory of human needs, which can be arranged in order of importance. (1)______________ needs: the most basic ones for survival. They include such needs as food, water, etc. And there is usually one way to satisfy these needs. (2)______________needs: needs for a) physical security; b) (3) _______________security. The former means no illness or injury, while the latter is concerned with freedom from (4) ______________, misfortunes, etc. These needs can be met through a variety of means, e.g. job security, (5)______________ plans, and safe working conditions. Social needs: human requirements for a) love and affection; b) a sense of belonging. There are two ways to satisfy these needs: a) formation of relationships at workplace; b) formation of relationships outside workplace. (6)__________ needs: a) self-esteem, i.e. one’s sense of achievement; b) esteem of others, i.e. others’ respect as a result of one’s work. These needs can be fulfilled by achievement, promotion, honors, etc. (7)___________needs: need to realize one’s potential. Ways to realize these needs are individually different. Features of the hierarchy of needs: a) Social, esteem and self-realization needs are exclusively (8)____________ needs. b) Needs are satisfied in a fixed order from the bottom up. c) (9) _____________for needs comes from the lowest un-met level. d) Different levels of needs may (10)_____________when they come into play.