osha教材-Flammable-and-Combustible-Liquids-易燃和可燃液体.ppt

OSHA Office of Training and Education Flammable and Combustible Liquids Introduction The two primary hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids are explosion and fire Safe handling and storage of flammable liquids requires the use of approved equipment and practices per OSHA standards Flash Point Flash point means the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture In general, the lower the flash point, the greater the hazard Flammable liquids have flash points below 100oF, and are more dangerous than combustible liquids, since they may be ignited at room temperature Combustible liquids have flash points at or above 100oF Although combustible liquids have higher flash points than flammable liquids, they can pose serious fire and/or explosion hazards when heated Classes of Flammableand Combustible Liquids Classes of Some Flammable Liquids Program Components Control of ignition sources Proper storage Fire control Safe handling Sources of Ignition Open flames Smoking Static electricity Cutting and welding Hot surfaces Electrical and mechanical sparks Lightning Static Electricity Generated when a fluid flows through a pipe or from an opening into a tank Main hazards are fire and explosion from sparks containing enough energy to ignite flammable vapors Bonding or grounding of flammable liquid containers is necessary to prevent static electricity from causing a spark Bonding Physically connect two conductive objects together with a bond wire to eliminate a difference in static charge potential between them Must provide a bond wire between containers during flammable liquid filling operations, unless a metallic path between them is otherwise present Grounding Eliminates a difference in static charge potential between conductive objects and ground Although bonding will eliminate a difference in potential between objects, it will not eliminate a difference in potential between these objects and earth unless one of