内蒙古地区不同地理种群布氏田鼠遗传分化的研究.docVIP

内蒙古地区不同地理种群布氏田鼠遗传分化的研究 　　摘要 [目的]探讨布氏田鼠地理种群的遗传分化。[方法]以MHCⅡ类基因第二外显子为分子标记进行序列分析和基因分型。结果：获得了内蒙古8个布氏田鼠地理种群460个样品的MHCⅡ类基因第二外显子基因的261 bp核苷酸序列，经单倍型分选后，共定义了21个单倍型，其中有3个单倍型为不同区域种群所共享，其余19个单倍型均为各区域种群所特有。单倍型网络进化关系分析显示，8个布氏田鼠地理种群形成3个稳定的进化支，分别与采集的地理种群相吻合：同一地理种群内单倍型之间遗传差异小，而不同地理来源的单倍型之间存在较大区别。AMOVA分析显示，遗传变异主要发生在区域类群间。对基因流和遗传分化系数、种群遗传距离和遗传相似度分析表明，布氏田鼠种群出现了一定的遗传分化，正镶白旗种群因浑善达克沙漠的阻碍而分化最明显。Mentel检测揭示布氏田鼠的遗传分化与地理距离无显著相关性。[结论]栖息地的复杂地形和气候变化可能是影响布氏田鼠群体间遗传分化的主要因素，而种群间距离隔离对于布氏田鼠的遗传分化作用不明显。 　　关键词 布氏田鼠；地理种群；MHCⅡ类基因；遗传分化；内蒙古 　　中图分类号 Q958.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）16-0220-04 　　Abstract [Objective]Explore the genetic differentiation of geographical populations of Lasiopodomys brandtii.[Methods]Sequences were analyzed based on MHC Class Ⅱ gene exon 2.[Results]261 bp nucleotide sequences of MHC ClassⅡexon 2 from 460 individuals of 8 L.brandtii populations were analyzed by the methods of polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Result showed that 21 genotypes were detected from 460 individuals of 8 L.brandtii geo-populations in Inner Mongolia.Median-joining network grouped 21 haplotypes into three distinct clades，which corresponded to three geographic areas，indicating an obvious phylogeographic pattern. AMOVA showed that most of the genetic variation occurred among geographic groups.The analysis results of gene flow and F-Statistics，genetic similarity and genetic distance indicated that that genetic differentiation already occurred among geographic groups，Zhengxiangbaiqi population was separated geographically from all others，indicating that Hunshandake Sandy Land might make an effective barrier against gene flow.The result of Mantel test illustrated that there were no significant correlations between genetic distance and geographic distance.[Conclusions]Complex topographic configuration and climatic changes of habitat played the most important role and geographic distance was not significant in the genetic differentiation of L.brandtii populations. 　　Key words Lasiopodomys brandti