陕西红碱淖同域分布遗鸥与棕头鸥巢址选择比较-生态学杂志.PDF

生态学杂志ChineseJournal of Ecology摇 2012,31(4):949-953 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 陕西红碱淖同域分布遗鸥与棕头鸥巢址选择比较* ** 汪青雄摇 肖摇 红 摇 杨摇 超 (陕西省动物研究所,西安710032) 摘摇 要摇 2009—2011年4—7 月在陕西红碱淖对同域分布的遗鸥和棕头鸥巢参数特征、巢 群空间分布和巢址生境选择进行了对比分析。 结果表明:巢外径、巢深、巢高等参数均存在 显著差异,这主要是与营巢生境和巢址空间分布上有关;从巢群空间分布上来看,两者均选 择于湖心岛上营巢繁殖,巢群呈斑块状分布,但彼此没有混巢现象,有时甚至通过压缩种间 巢间距来达到共存,由于遗鸥繁殖群体数量占优势,遗鸥总是占据最佳的巢域,棕头鸥巢群 通常被排挤至湖心岛边缘部分;在巢址生境选择上,植被类型、植被高度、植被盖度、巢离水 面高度和巢距最近水边距离均存在显著差异。 这表明两者巢址生境选择上具有特异性,这 种特异性使得巢址生境选择上存在生态位差异,促成了遗鸥和棕头鸥能在同一湖心岛上营 巢繁殖因素之一。 关键词摇 红碱淖; 同域分布物种;遗鸥;棕头鸥;巢址选择 中图分类号摇 Q958摇 文献标识码摇 A摇 文章编号摇 1000-4890(2012)4-0949-05 Nest site selection by sympatric relict gull and brown鄄headed gull in Hongjiannao of ** Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. WANG Qing鄄xiong, XIAO Hong , YANG Chao (Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi爷an 710032,China). Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31 (4):949-953. Abstract:A comparative study wasconducted onthe nest鄄siteparametersand nest spatial distri鄄 bution patternsof sympatricrelictgull (Larus relictus)andbrown鄄headedgull (Larus brunniceph鄄 alus) in Hongjiannao of Shannxi Province from April to July,2009 and 2011,aimed to under鄄 stand the characteristicsof thenest鄄site selectionby thetwogull speciesinthe study area. There existed significant differencesinthe nest outer diameter,depth,andheight betweenthetwo spe鄄 cies,which was mainly related to the nest鄄building habitat and the spatial distribution of nest site. The nest spatial distribution of the two gull species was in patchy. Though