消防专业论文-城市地震灾害现场被困人员搜索影响因素分析.docxVIP

PAGE II 城市地震灾害现场被困人员搜索影响因素分析 摘　要 虽然近年来地震的预报、预警和防灾、抗灾措施得到了很大程度的提高，但是还不足以避免震害的发生，一旦发生地震，给人类带来的灾难是巨大的。目前，许多发达国家根据地震灾害紧急救援指挥决策系统可以迅速制定符合灾害现场的人员搜救方案，为指挥员的决策提供了强有力的指导和支持，水平明显高于我国。因此，消防部队作为一支从事灭火救援的专业化队伍，只有运用正确的搜索策略和搜救方法实施紧急救援，才能在最短的时间内以最快的速度搜索被困人员，最大限度地减少被困人员在地震灾害中的伤亡程度。 本文在对地震灾害的特点和危害的分析基础上，讨论了城市地震灾害的应急救援程序，重点从建筑物的使用用途、建筑物的结构类型、倒塌后形成的废墟类型、地震的发生时间、被埋压人员情况、现场搜索队员的配置等因素综合考虑，分析了这些因素对城市地震灾害现场被困人员的搜索策略和搜索方法的影响，从而为灾害现场指挥人员更好地调用救援人员和救援设备，及时发现并救出被困人员提供理论支持，为城市地震灾害现场搜救决策系统的研究和开发提供参考。 关键词 城市地震灾害； 被困人员搜索； 影响因素 Analysis of Influence Factors for Searching Trapped Person in Urban Earthquake Disaster Abstract In recent years, earthquake forecasting, early warning and disaster prevention, disaster measures has been greatly increased, but not enough to avoid the occurrence of damage, in the event of an earthquake, a disaster for humanity is enormous. At present, many developed countries, according to the earthquake disaster emergency rescue system can command the decision-making in line with the rapid development of the site of a disaster rescue program of staff for the commanders decision-making higher than in China. Therefore, we engaged in as a professional fire-fighting and rescue teams, only the use of correct methods of search strategy, to minimize the personnel in the public earthquake disaster in the extent of casualties. In this paper, the characteristics of the earthquake disaster and hazard analysis, based on the discussion of urban earthquake disaster emergency rescue procedures, the use of focus from building purposes, the structure of the building type, formed after the collapse of the ruins of the type of earthquake occurrence time, the situation of the persons buried pressure, on-site configuration of the search team and other factors considered, analysis of these factors on urban earthquake disaster trapped officers search the scene strategy and the impact of search method, so as to command the site of a disaster relief calls a better and rescue equipment, to detect and