消防专业论文-地铁人员疏散基本参数的测算与分析.docVIP

PAGE IV 摘 要 本文通过对观测录像的分析研究，得出地铁人员疏散的基本参数，以及一般情况下对移动速度的影响程度。 以北京地铁一、二号线的三个站台为录像观测点，采集人员录像数据。通过对录像资料统计分析，获得了乘客的基本特征数据，如年龄、性别、群体关系、穿鞋情况和携带行李情况。为人员疏散和性能化防火设计提供了基础数据。 通过对267个观测对象的统计分析，得出了移动速度与其它行为特征和环境因素之间的相互关系。研究发现：首先，老人、小孩，携带大件行李者，穿拖鞋和高跟鞋的乘客，以及有人陪同人员，其移动速度相对较慢，这些人应该是安全疏散的重点；其次，水平行走速度为最快，上楼梯移动速度最慢，防火设计应着重考虑上行方向的安全疏散问题。最后，在正常情况下，性别差异对移动速度没有太大影响。 关键词：录像； 特性； 疏散； 移动速度 Abstract This paper through analyze video about observational data, to get the basic parameters of evacuation on subway, and the general circumstances of the speed of impact. Choosing line 1 and line 2 from the Beijing subway as the three observed objects, then collecting personnel data about 2.8 thousand people. Through statistical analysis of the basic characteristics of the passengers from the received data, such as age, gender, group relations, shoes, luggage cases and circumstances. To provide the evacuation and performance based fire safety design with the basic foundation. By analyzing 227 measurements, we get the interaction among speed, other behavioral characteristics and the environmental factors. We can find statistical objects follow: firstly, the elderly, children, those who carrying heavy luggage, passengers wearing slippers and high heels, are at relatively slow speed, and who should be on the focus of evacuation; secondly, we can also fide that horizontal travel speed is the fastest and the slowest speed appears at the stairs, and the fire prevention should be focused on upstream to consider some safety of evacuation problems. Finally, in some normal circumstances, the gender difference does not affect the speed so much. Keywords: video; properties; evacuation; speed 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc261937705 中文摘要 PAGEREF _Toc261937705 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc261937706 英文摘要 PAGEREF _Toc261937706 \h II HYPERLINK \l _Toc261937707 目 录 PAGEREF _Toc261937707 \h III HYPERLINK \l _Toc261937708 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc261937708 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc261937709 1.1 研究背景 PAGEREF _Toc26193770