儿童常见口腔疾病.docVIP

儿童常见口腔疾病 鹅口疮、龋齿、口腔溃疡、口角炎是在儿童时期最为常见的几种口腔疾病。下面简单的说一下这几种口腔疾病的发病特点。 鹅口疮 鹅口疮是由白色念珠菌引起的口腔黏膜炎症，又称口腔念珠菌病，是婴幼儿常见的口腔炎，尤其在新生儿期该病较为常见。白色念珠菌在健康人皮肤上、肠道、阴道寄生。多由于乳具消毒不严，乳母奶头不洁或喂奶者手指污染所致；也可在出生时经产道感染；或见于腹泻、使用广谱抗菌素、肾上腺皮质激素的患儿。《诸病源候论》卷五十：“小儿口里所起白屑，乃至舌上成疮，如鹅口里，世谓之鹅口”。为多见于新生儿、婴儿泄泻及营养不良或麻疹等病后期的口腔疾患之一。主症为口腔舌上满布白色糜点，形如鹅口，故名。脾开窍于口，脾经郁热，循经上行，熏于口舌而致。治宜清热泻火，用泻黄散加生地、黄连。脾热导致胃阴不足者，宜益气养阴，用益胃汤。并用青黛、儿茶或冰硼散、锡类散，涂拭患处。婴儿口腔两侧黏膜或舌头上有时会出现状似奶块的白色片状物，而且不易去除。这是由是一种霉菌（白色念珠菌）引起的口腔黏膜感染性疾患，医学上称为鹅口疮。 龋齿 学名 HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank 龋齿，又被称为 HYPERLINK /index.php?s=/Index/cms/id/33 \t _blank 蛀牙或虫牙。其主要形成原因是牙菌斑。牙菌斑是牙齿表面的一层几乎无色的薄膜，含有造成龋齿的细菌。每次进食后，牙菌斑中的这些细菌会和食物中的糖分或淀粉发生化学反应，产生腐蚀牙齿的酸性物质。久而久之，牙齿的珐琅质