柴油低温预混燃烧混合气浓度分布控制研究-动力工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 柴油低温预混燃烧混合气浓度分布控制研究 摘 要 近年以来新型燃烧理论与技术获得了发展，其中以低温燃烧为代 表的燃烧方式获得深入研究。有别于传统扩散燃烧时火焰传播的特性， 其利用预混、压燃、低温的燃烧方式大幅度降低排放，具有同时并显 著降低 NOx 和 PM 排放的优势。但它也会伴随而来更高的未燃碳氢 uHC 排放，导致燃烧效率降低。 本文开展柴油低温预混燃烧缸内混合气浓度空间分布测试方法、 影响因素及控制方法的研究。通过试验与数值计算结合的方式，以多 段燃油喷射为主要控制手段，测定混合气浓度空间分布并实现其浓度 空间分布的优化控制。目的在于提升柴油雾化水平的同时减少缸内混 合气浓稀波动差异，减少浓度特征区域的产生以降低 uHC 排放。 搭建了模拟气缸实验平台完成柴油喷射试验，并且建立相应的 CFD 仿真模型对不同条件下单段与多段喷射后缸内混合气形成过程作 了计算。开展单段喷射参数对油束形状与贯穿距的影响规律研究，界 定缸内混合气浓度特征区域；通过设定多段喷射参数，掌握喷射次数 与间隔对缸内混合气形成的耦合作用；最后利用 CFD 动网格模型，进 行多段喷射对于缸内气流运动与压缩过程条件下混合气浓度分布改善 效果的计算研究。 通过试验与模拟计算结果可知，合理设定与实机工况缸内环境相 匹配的多段喷射参数，能明显改善预混模式下混合气缸内分布特性， 有利于柴油低温燃烧效率，从而降低 uHC 排放水平。 关键词：柴油机、低温燃烧、混合气、空间浓度分布、多段喷射 I ABSTRACT STUDY OF THE FUEL DISTRIBUTION OF DIESEL UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE PREMIXED COMBUSTION MODE ABSTRACT In recent years development has been made in new combustion theory and technology, in which the combustion mode represented by the LTC (low temperature combustion) has got in-depth research. It abandoned the characteristics of flame propagation under diffusion combustion and reduced emissions by utilizing premixed gas mixture, compression ignition and low temperature mode. The low temperature and premixed combustion mode leads to a significant reduction in the emissions of NOx and PM at the same time. However, the uHC increases significantly simultaneously, which causes the decrease of combustion efficiency. Previous studies have shown that the spatial distribution of the mixture in cylinder had a profound effect on the uHC emissions. The over low or high concentration together with the wall film and gap area were the feature regions which mainly results in emissions. The paper focus on the research of premixing process of Diesel gas mixture, specializing in the test methods, study of its influential factors as well as the controlling modulation for the distribution of the mixture. Relying on the experimental test and numerical simulation methods, multi-pulse injection was investigated in order to understand that t