超声法皮下脂肪厚度测量系统的研究-生物医学工程专业论文.docx

万方数据 万方数据 Dissertation Submitted to Hebei University of Technology for The Master Degree of Biomedical Engineering RESEARCH ON MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OF SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE BASED ON ULTRASOUND by Li Wei Supervisor: Prof. Xu Guizhi Prof.Tang Jintian June 2015 摘 要 随着经济发展和人们生活水平不断提高，国内肥胖人群数量逐年增加，人民群众 身心健康受到威胁，生活质量下降。超声脉冲回波法具有原理简单、硬件制作成本低、 回波信号易处理等优点。为使人们更加客观而且方便的了解自身的胖瘦状态，通过测 量皮下脂肪厚度间接得到人体体脂率十分重要。本论文采用超声脉冲回波测量原理， 确定了基于超声波的皮下脂肪厚度测量系统的总体方案，进行了硬件电路和软件程序 设计及相关实验，对人体特定部位皮下脂肪厚度进行了测量和分析。 论文的主要研究工作如下： 1、分析超声法测量皮下脂肪厚度的基本原理，研究了人体浅表软组织的生物学 特性和超声波在浅表软组织中的传播特性，采用超声脉冲回波法作为该超声波皮下脂 肪厚度测量系统的基本测量方法。 2、设计完成系统硬件电路，硬件电路部分主要由超声脉冲发射模块、回波信号 接收预处理模块、回波处理控制显示模块和超声探头四个部分组成。 3、开发相应的软件，软件部分选用了基于 C 语言的 ICCAVR 编程工具作为开发平 台。系统程序由主函数文件、函数声明文件和液晶显示函数文件三个源文件组成，采 用筛选和切尾均值等算法对结果进行运算处理并显示。 4、设计相关实验，利用上述超声测量系统对超声仿体脂肪模型标准试块、离体 猪皮下脂肪组织样本和人体上臂部皮下脂肪三种被测样本进行测量，并将测量结果与 标准数值或通过其他方式得到的测量数据进行比对，分析结果表明本论文设计的超声 测量装置的测量结果达到了预期性能指标，该系统的稳定性和精确度达到了较高水平。 关键字：皮下脂肪 厚度测量 脉冲回波 数据处理 I II ABSTRACT As peoples living standards increase year by year, the number of domestic obesity increases every year, peoples physical and mental health is threatened, reduced quality of life. Ultrasound pulse-echo method has many advantages, such as simple principle, hardware making low-cost, easy to be processed echo signals and so on. In order to made people understand the impact of their obesity on health status more objective, ultrasound pulse-echo measurement principle had been adopted, the overall program of ultrasound subcutaneous fat thickness measurement system had been designed, hardware circuit had been designed and related experiments that measuring the thickness of subcutaneous fat of specific parts of the body had been designed. The main research works of this thesis were: The basic principle of ultrasound measurement of the thickness of subcutaneous fat had been analyzed. Human biological characteristics of superficial soft tissue had been analyzed. Ultrasound wave propagation characteristics in superficial soft tissue had been an