sle分类标准(2012年版).pdf

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathogenesis 20 and Clinical Features George Bertsias, Ricard Cervera, Dimitrios T Boumpas A previous version was coauthored by Ricard Cervera, Gerard Espinosa and David D’Cruz Learning objectives: • Use the epidemiology and natural history of nervous, gastrointestinal, and haematological systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to inform systems diagnostic and therapeutic decisions • Evaluate the challenges in the diagnosis and • Describe and explain the key events in the differential diagnosis of lupus and the pitfalls pathogenesis of SLE and critically analyse the in the tests used to diagnose and monitor contribution of genetics, epigenetics, hormonal, lupus activity and environmental factors to the immune • Identify important aspects of the disease such aberrancies found in the disease as women’s health issues (ie, contraception and • Explain the key symptoms and signs of the pregnancy) and critical illness diseases and the tissue damage associated • Outline the patterns of SLE expression in with SLE specific subsets of patients depending on age, • State the classification criteria of lupus and their gender, ethnicity, and social class