451名煤矿采掘工血压和心电图检查结果分析.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 451名煤矿采掘工血压和心电图检查结果分析 常艾民 （安阳市疾病预防控制中心，河南，安阳，455000） 【摘要】目的 了解煤尘及噪声混合环境下煤矿井下采掘工血压和心电图异常的状况，为研究煤尘及噪声对心血管系统的联合作用提供人群资料。 方法 对安阳市某煤矿长期接触煤尘及噪声的451名采掘工进行职业健康检查，并以不接触煤尘、噪声的420名教师为对照。结果 接触组高血压和心电图异常的检出率明显高于对照组（P0.01），且随着工龄的增加而升高。心电图异常主要表现为窦性心动过缓、窦性心律不齐、T波改变、ST-T改变、ST段压低、左心室高电压、束支或房室传导阻滞。结论 长期接触煤尘及噪声作业是造成煤矿采掘工高血压和心电图异常改变的危险因素。 【关键词】粉尘；噪声；血压；心电图 Analyze of Blood Pressure and ECG Examination results of 451 Coal Miners CHANG Ai-min.Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Anyang Henan 455000，China 【Abstract】 Objective This thesis is aimed at understanding blood pressure and electrocardiogram(ECG) abnormal condition of coal miners under the environment of coal dust and noise and thus offering certain materials for studying the combined effects of dust and noise on the human cardiovascular system. Methods The occupational physical examination was done among 451 coal miners exposed to dust and noise in a coal mining company in Anyang City,420 teachers non-exposed to dust and noise were selected for the control group. Results The detection ratios of hypertension and abnormal ECG of the exposed group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). This difference increased with the increase of length of service. It was mainly characterized by sinus bradycardia,sinus arrhythmia, T wave changes, ST-T wave changes, ST-T wave depression,left ventricular high voltage，bundle branch or atrioventricular block in ECG changes. Conclusion It is risk factors by which the coal miners have hypertension and abnormal ECG change for long-term exposure to dust and noise. 【Keywords】 Dust；Noise；Blood pressure；Electrocardiogram 煤矿井下采掘作业工人接触的职业病危害因素有煤尘、矽尘、其他尘、噪声、甲烷、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、硫化氢、高湿等，主要为煤尘、矽尘、其他尘、噪声及甲烷。为进一步探讨粉尘、噪声对井下采掘工血压和心电图的影响，为粉尘及噪声的心血管毒性研究提供人群资料，2017年10月，我们对安阳市铜冶镇某煤矿451名井下采掘工进行了职业健康检查，并以不接触煤尘、噪声的某市事业单位教师420名作为对照，现将结果总结如下。 1 对象与方法 1.1 对象 选取安阳市铜冶镇某煤矿井下采掘工451名为接触组，均为男职工，年龄20～57岁（平均35岁），工龄3年～41年（平均工龄14年）。以不接触煤尘、噪声的某市事业单位教师420名为对照组，年龄21～57岁（平均36岁），工龄3年～36年（平均工