传染病学总论精编.pptVIP

* * * * 2.传染性 是传染病与其他感染性疾病的主要区别 Infectivity is the main distinction between the infectious diseases and other infection 可依据传染期隔离患者 “Infective period” can be used as a rule to isolate the patient 3.流行病学特征 流行性 endemic (sporadic, epidemic, pandemic epidemic outbreak) 季节性 seasonal distribution in time 地方性 regional distribution in space 外来性 exotic (e.g. cholera and yellow fever) 4. 感染后免疫 属特异性、主动、保护性免疫 specific, active, protective, can transfer to newborns through placenta 持续时间在不同传染病中有很大差异 lasting time varies with the diseases 持续时间短可出现再感染、重复感染 “concomitant immunity”