油桐枯萎病病原鉴定及其生物学特性的研究.docVIP

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油桐枯萎病病原鉴定及其生物学特性的研究.doc

油桐枯萎病病原鉴定及其生物学特性的研究

油桐枯萎病病原鉴定及其生物学特性的研究   摘要:本研究对湖北省武陵山区油桐枯萎病进行了病原菌分离与鉴定、致病性测定、病原菌生物学特性等研究。结果表明:油桐枯萎病病原菌为尖镰孢。该病原菌在10~40 ℃温度范围均能生长,最适生在温度为25~30 ℃;在酸性、中性和碱性土壤条件下均能生长,但在弱酸性条件下生长最好。该病原菌能利用环境中的多种碳源和氮源。室内毒力测定结果表明,5种供试杀菌剂对病原菌抑菌效果不同,50%多菌灵超微可湿性粉剂抑菌率最高。   关键词:油桐;病原鉴定;生物学特性;毒力测定   中图分类号:S763.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1004-3020(2016)05-0042-04Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristics of Tungoil Tree PestilenceXu Hongmei(1)Zeng Xiangfu(1,2,3,4)Deng Xianzhen(1,2,3,4)Du Yangwen(1,2,3,4)   (1.Hubei Academy of ForestryWuhan430075;2.Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of   Woody OilBearing ForestWuhan430075;3.Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploiting Characteristic   Resources in Dabie MountainsHuanggang438000;4.Hubei Key Laboratory of NonTimber   Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive UtilizationWuhan430075)   Abstract: Pathogen identification and biological characteristics of Tungoil Tree Pestilence in Wuling Mountainous Area in Hubei Province was studied in this paper.It showed Fusarium oxysporum was the pathogen.The mycelia could grow in the temperature ranging from 10℃ to 40℃,and optimum temperature ranged from 25 ℃ to 30 ℃.The pathogen could grow in acid, neutal and alkaline soil with the highest growth in weak acid soil.The pathogen could absorb many kinds of carbon and nithogen source in the enviroment.Toxicity of five kinds of fungicides to the pathogen was tested in the lab.Different fungicides inhibit the growth of mycelia in different levels, and 50% carbendazim WP showed best effect.   Key words:Aleurites fordii ; pathogen identification; biological characteristics; toxicity test   油桐Vernicia fordii是大戟科油桐属植物统称,为著名的的工业油料树种。武陵山区自然条件适于种植油桐,在历史上一直是中国桐油中心产区,油桐产业是该区重要的特色资源产业\[1\]。   病虫害防治是油桐生产栽培中的一项重要内容,发生较严重的典型病害有油桐枯萎病、黑斑病、根腐病和炭疽病等[2]。对于这些油桐病害的深入研究,可查阅文献并不多。油桐枯萎病在油桐产区发生普遍,发生严重时可造成重大损失。部分学者对油桐枯萎病进行了研究,包括病原菌鉴定、病害发生规律、感病植物生理生化和抗性株系选育等内容\[3-6\]。油桐枯萎病研究十分薄弱,主要涉及病原菌鉴定[7]。2015年6~10月,作者对湖北省来凤县油桐林(三年桐)病虫害进行了初步调查,该地油桐病虫害发生较为频繁,其中油桐枯萎病和黑斑病较为严重。油

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