城乡义务教育物力资源配置失衡及对策研究-教育学原理专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 摘 要 义务教育是国家必须予以保障的一项公益性事业。我国推行普及义务教育近半个世 纪，义务教育事业取得了辉煌的成就，在改进整个教育系统的质量，提升全体国民素质， 推进教育乃至整个社会公平方面发挥了重要的作用。但这与时代的发展步伐和进步要求 相比，还存在着明显的差距，其中最主要的领域和表现就是城乡义务教育物力资源配置 的失衡，而且有愈演愈烈之势，必须引起我们的足够重视，给以科学的研究和应对。 本文研究尖锐地指出，农村普通初中、小学的基础设施、教学设施、设备等方面的 教育物力资源均落后于城镇普通初中、小学。城乡义务教育物力资源的非均衡配置造成 城乡义务教育阶段学生群体的教育起点、教育过程与教育结果的不公，并且促使“择校 风”盛行、农村优秀教师的缺失以及农村学生的过量转学与辍学，阻碍我国义务教育公 平、健康发展。从现实分析，城乡义务教育物力资源配置失衡主要包括：城乡社会经济 发展失衡、教育决策的局限性、义务教育物力资源投入主体层位重心偏低以及农村义务 教育物力资源配置的经费投入不足。除此之外，农村义务教育物力资源配置的监督与保 障不完善也是一重要原因。实现城乡义务教育物力资源的均衡配置从根本上来讲要统筹 城乡经济发展，加快农村义务教育物力资源配置的步伐。义务教育物力资源投入主体层 位上移以及加大公共财政对农村义务教育物力资源配置的转化与支撑是实现城乡义务 教育物力资源均衡配置的重要途径，不断完善农村义务教育物力资源的监督与保障是必 不可少的条件,除此之外要鼓励民间支教，着力促进城乡义务教育物力资源均衡配置。 关键词 城乡 义务教育 教育资源 物力资源 教育均衡发展 I Abstract Abstract Compulsory education is a public welfare undertakings that countries must be guaranteed. The implementation of the compulsory education in our country has been nearly half a century; it has made brilliant achievements. The implementation of compulsory education plays an important role in improving the quality of the whole education system, improving the national quality, promoting education and even the entire social fair. But compared to the pace of development, there is an obvious difference. One of the main domain and the performance is the unbalanced allocation of material resources between the urban and the rural compulsory education. We must pay much attention to this and carry out scientific research. This paper point out that rural ordinary junior middle school and elementary schools infrastructure, teaching facilities, equipment and other aspects of the educational resources are lagging behind the urban ordinary junior middle school and primary school. The unbalanced allocation of the educational material resources between the urban and the rural compulsory education causes the unfair starting point, process and the result of education; it also causes the prevailing of choosing schools, the shortage and the loss of teacher resources, the vicious cycle of u