一种成本约束下的大型航天器力学试验方案设计..docVIP

一种成本约束下的大型航天器力学试验 方案设计 撇刘佳雯賊W 贺元军 北京宇航系统工程研宄所中国运载火箭技术研宄院 中国载人航天工程办公室 针对某大型航天器对力学环境适应性设计的高要求，就其整器低频振动试验方 案的设计问题，通过分析悬挂贮箱加注量、动力舱各结构参数等对航天器模态振 型、频响特性的影响，确定了力学试验参试产品状态，对己有试验件进行合理改 制达到对航天器整器主要动力学特性模拟的目的，节约产品投产经费;依据结构 动态载荷对整器主频处界而输入进行约束，依据重要仪器设备加速度响应限制 对局部频率处界面输入进行约束，减少了力学试验对飞行产品的损伤。该航天器 除动力舱外，其余结构部段仅投产一套产品，在参加力学试验后乂搭载运载火 箭首飞飞行获得了成功。 关键词： 航天器;低频振动试验;结构动态载荷;单机加速度响应; 张新宇，男，博士，工程师，研究方向为空间运载器载荷与力学环境 设计o :univerchang@hotmail. com 2017-02-20 Vibration Test Design for Large Space Vehicle with Cost Constraint ZHANG Xinyu LIU Xin LIU Jiawen LIN Hong GUO Yuan PENG Huilian HE Yuan iun Beijing Institute of Aerospace Systems Engineering; China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology; China Manned Space Agency; Abstract： The requirement on the mechanical environment adaptability design of a large space vehicle ( SV) is quite strict. The influences on the mode shapes and the frequency response characteristic of the SV by the tank loading and the structural parameters were analyzed for scheme design of the low-frequency vibration test of the complete SV. The technical status of the vibration test products was constructed to simulate the main dynamic characteristics of the SV in real flight， thus the structure cabins production expenses were saved. To reduce the over test on the structure flight products, the SV vibration input was controlled with the dynamic forces near the main frequencies and the single equipment acceleration responses near the equipment local branch frequencies. Except the power cabin, only a single set of structure products was manufactured. After vibration test, they were used in the real space flight and performed successfully. Keyword： space vehicle; low-frequency vibration test; structure dynamic load; single equipment acceleration response; Received： 2017-02-20 1引言 航天器在随运载火箭发射过程中会经历过载、低频振动等恶劣力学环境，导致各 结构部段内部产生动态力、各仪器设备安装处产生瞬态低频振动，引起结构损 坏、仪器设备工作失效等风险，对正常完成飞行任务带来不利影响m。因此，力 学环境适应性设计、验证是航天器研制流程中的重要环节。 航天器研制中一般通过低频振动试验验证其力学环境适应性m，常见做法是在 初样阶段对整器力学试验件开展鉴定量级低频振动试验，在正样飞