甘肃张掖西城驿遗址陶器科技分析和研究.PDF

甘肃张掖西城驿遗址陶器的 科技分析与研究 郁永彬  吴小红  崔剑锋  陈国科  王  辉 关键词：西城驿遗址  陶器  制陶工艺  岩相分析  青铜时代  KEYWORDS: Xichengyi Site Pottery Wares Pottery-making Techniques Petrographic Analysis Bronze Age ABSTRACT: This paper made chemical composition and microscopic analyses to 172 pottery samples unearthed at the Xichengyi Site. The results showed that pastes of the pottery wares of different cultures found in this site all contained high proportions of calcium and magnesium, and the mineral composition of the sandy pottery was similar to that of the eolian loess, hinting that the potters at that time might have made the pottery pastes with red clay or red clay tempered with a given proportion of loess. The chemical composition and microscopic analyses also showed that when the Machang Type of Majiayao Culture entered the Hexi Corridor, its pottery paste material processing technique was changed: one was from the late phase of Machang Type via the Xichengyi Culture to the Siba Culture; the other was from the late phase of Machang Type to the Qijia Culture. The social groups represented by Xichengyi Culture and Qijia Culture might both have independent pottery- making industry. 的。然而在实际研究中，由于受考古材料所 前    言 限，学者们更多地关注制陶技术、文化交互 西方学者较早关注陶器所反映的人类 与社会建构之间的联系。实现这一研究构想 行为与社会方面的信息，注重运用各种自然 的途径有多种[3]，其中最常用且有效的方法 科学手段复原陶器技术史，并建立考古学文 是岩相分析。美国威斯康辛大学史多盟·吉 化的时空框架[1]。20世纪50年代，他们提出 姆（Stoltman James）指出观察陶器切片所得 “操作链”的概念，作为构建古代技术与社 的相关数据，包含与陶器生产、分布、交换 会的一种途径，即通过静态的考古遗存来研 和分类等有关的信息，有助于探讨文化交流 究动态的生产过程[2]。实际上，从陶器生产 与互动的相关问题[4]。中国学者也进行了不 到埋藏的整个过程，及其与人、地、物、环 [5] 少有益尝试 ，但仍需开展