碱酸法提纯天然石墨的纯化过程与杂质演变特性.PDF

第 16卷第6 期 过 程 工 程 学 报 Vol.16 No.6 2016 年 12 月 The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering Dec. 2016 碱酸法提纯天然石墨的纯化过程与杂质演变特性  罗立群 ，谭旭升，田金星，舒 伟，程琪林 (武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院，矿物资源加工与环境湖北省重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430070) 摘 要：采用碱酸法提纯内蒙古某鳞片石墨矿浮选精矿，研究了原料及其中石英、云母和赤铁矿等主要杂质的嵌布特征和产出 形态，考察了 NaOH 用量、焙烧温度和时间、HCl 浓度和用量、酸浸时间等因素对提纯效果的影响，分析了纯化过程中原料及 杂质的光谱特性与微观形貌. 结果表明，石墨主要呈叶片状或弯曲的鳞片状均匀分布，部分石墨片晶与石英、云母、赤褐铁矿、 高岭石等呈连晶或内部镶嵌与包裹；提纯后石墨含碳量由 84.32%提高到 99.51%() ；加碱焙烧过程中杂质生成硅(铝)酸钠，酸 浸过程中则除去赤铁矿等金属氧化物和氢氧化物沉淀；纯化过程对石墨片晶状结构和微观形貌均没有破坏，表面杂质明显减少. 关键词：天然石墨；碱酸法；纯化；杂质 中图分类号：TD925, TB321; TQ127 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009606X(2016)06097807 DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.216199 Purification and Impurity Evolution of Natural Graphite by Alkali Acid Process  LUO Li-qun , TAN Xu-sheng, TIAN Jin-xing, SHU Wei, CHENG Qi-lin (College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Lab. Mineral Resources Processing and Environment of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China) Abstract: The purification process of flotation-concentrated crystalline flake graphite from Inner Mongolia of China was investigated, subsequently to the understanding of the minerology, e.g. the dissemination characteristics of major impurities as quartz, mica and hematite. The effects of NaOH dosage, roasting temperature and time, HCl concentration and dosage and acid leaching time were studied. In addition, the spectral and microstructure properties of graphite were also analyzed. The results suggested that the graphite sample was predominantly present in a uniform leaf shape or curved scalelike, with partially of the g