第17章电子信息类专业英语(李白萍)-精选（公开课件）.pptVIP

Unit Seventeen Others (Ⅱ) Unit Seventeen Others (Ⅱ) Passage A Microwave Radio System Passage B Introduction to Broadband Telecommunications Passage C Careers in Electronics Passage A Microwave Radio System 　　Forty years have passed since the research and development of microwave technology were launched in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and other countries. At the beginning, research was mainly directed towards the development of radar technique. The results were first applied for military purposes. The development of the microwave radio-relay system was based on radar technique, and it now plays an important role as the transmission medium for multiplex telephone and television signals.[1] 　　Radio communication operating at medium or high frequencies was first applied to the fields, such as broadcasting, maritime mobile and intercontinental communication, where its superiority was evident. It was only after the advent of microwave communication technology that it became possible for radio technology to be applied in full scale in the field where cable transmission had been dominant. Thus, the microwave radio-relay system using analogue modulation grew into a very important transmission medium in the overall telecommunications networks in many countries. Recently, a rapid advance in semiconductor and pulse circuit technologies gave impetus to the research and development of digital radio-relay systems.[2] There is now a marked trend that the telecommunication network is moving gradually towards digital systems. Analogue Radio-relay Systems 　　The first microwave radio-relay system was established in 1947 by Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) between New York and Boston (300?km). It carried 480 channels operating in the 4 GHz band, using frequency modulation and heterodyne repeater scheme. The fact that most of the present microwave systems use the same modulation and repeater method is a clear indication of the excellent foresight of