胎膜早破197例妊娠结局及护理的措施.docVIP

胎膜早破197例妊娠结局及护理的措施 　　[摘要] 目的 回顾2007年1月～2008年12月收治的胎膜早破197病例,总结胎膜早破的妊娠结局及护理措施。方法 对笔者所在医院妇产科197例胎膜早破病例资料进行统计分析。结果 我院分娩产妇中胎膜早破的发生率是7.57%。197例发生产后出血8例,宫内感染1例,胎儿窘迫1例,新生儿死亡1例,羊水污染34例,苍白窒息5例,青紫窒息6例。结论 做好胎膜早破的护理,积极预防并发症发生,及时并正确地处理胎膜早破是降低围产儿死亡率的关键。 　　[关键词] 胎膜早破; 妊娠结局; 护理措施 　　[中图分类号] R714.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2010)13-51-02 　　 　　Pregnancy Outcomes and Nursing Measures of Premature Rupture of Fetal Membrane 　　HUANG Lijia 　　Chengdu Longquanyi District Maternal and Child Health Center,Chengdu 610100,China 　　 　　[Abstract] ObjectiveTo summarize the pregnancy outcomes and nursing measures of 197 cases of premature rupture of fetal membrane from Jan.2007 to Dec. 2008. MethodsThe data of 197 cases of premature rupture of membrane at obstetrics and gynecology department in our hospital were analyzed. ResultsThe incidence of premature rupture of fetal membrane was 7.57%. Of the 197 cases of premature rupture of fetal membrane,8 were postpartum hemorrhage,one was intrauterine infection,one was fetal distress,one was neonatal death,34 were amniotic fluid contamination,5 were pale and asphyxia and 6 were cyanosis asphyxia. ConclusionGood nursing,active prevention of complications,timely and proper handling of premature rupture of fetal membrane are very important to the decrease in perinatal mortality. 　　[Key words]Premature rupture of fetal membranes; Pregnancy outcomes; Nursing measures 　　 　　胎膜早破是指在临产前胎膜自然破裂,为产科常见的分娩期并发症,其发生率为2.0%～10%,胎膜早破可导致早产及围产儿死亡率增加,可使孕妇宫内感染率和产褥感染率增加[1]。笔者将我院2007年1月～2008年12月收治的197例胎膜早破病例妊娠结局进行分析,总结相应的护理措施,现报道如下。 　　1 资料与方法 　　1.1 临床资料 　　选择2007年1月～2008年12月在我院分娩2604例产妇中,发生胎膜早破197例进行分析,发生率为7.57%。197例孕妇中单胎妊娠194例,占98.48%,双胎妊娠3例,占1.52%;年龄为20～38岁,平均为25.3岁;初产妇141例,占71.57%,经产妇56例,占28.43%;文化程度:小学8例,占4.06%,中学154例,占78.17%,大专或大学学历35例,占17.77%。 　　1.2 胎膜早破的诊断 　　孕妇临产前符合下列之一者即可确诊:①自诉有大量液体从阴道流出,有时可混有胎脂及胎粪,无腹痛及其他产兆;②酸碱测试纸测定阴道液PH值6.5;③阴道液涂片加温烘干后镜检可见羊齿状结晶;④羊膜镜检查可直视胎先露部,看不到前羊膜囊;⑤阴道窥器检查见液体自宫颈口流出[2]。 　　2 结果 　　2.1 胎膜早破与孕周分布 　　入院孕周41周16例,占胎膜早破8.12%。其中最小者为35孕周,最大者为41孕