菌类中药多糖降血糖效应机制的研究进展.docVIP

菌类中药多糖降血糖效应机制的研究进展 　　[摘要]糖尿病是目前仅次于癌症和心脑血管疾病的高发病，严重威胁着人类的健康。菌类中药多糖是极性生物大分子，毒性低，具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗衰老、降血糖、改善肝肾功能等广泛的生物活性。近些年来，菌类中药多糖在降血糖及预防糖尿病研究方面取得较大进展。结果提示，菌类中药多糖具有良好的降血糖和抗糖尿病效应，其主要经由促肝糖元合成，促糖酵解或抑制α-糖苷酶的活性等途径影响糖代谢，也可直接作用胰岛β细胞，促进胰岛素分泌，增加胰岛素敏感性以及增强抗氧化应激而发挥降血糖功能。因此，菌类中药多糖降血糖作用机制呈多效应、多靶点、多途径等特点，是一类创制抗糖尿病新药的优势资源。 　　[关键词]菌类中药多糖;降血糖;糖尿病;作用机制 　　Research progress on hypoglycemic effect and its mechanism of 　　action of medicinal fungal polysaccharides 　　DAI Rong， LIU Ru-ming， XIAO Jian-hui* 　　（Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province amp; Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and 　　Drug Development of Guizhou Universities， Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University， Zunyi 563000， China） 　　[Abstract]Due to substantial morbidity and high complications， diabetes mellitus is considered as the third ″killer″ in the world. Medicinal fungal polysaccharides， as water-soluble macromolecular substances with low toxicity， exhibit diversified pharmacological actions such as immune regulation， anti-tumor， antivirus， antioxidant， anti-aging， hypoglycemic effect and improving liver and kidney function. In recent year， a number of investigators reported medicinal fungal polysaccharides showed good anti-diabetes and hypoglycemic activity， and their acting mechanisms involved in glycometabolism and β cell function， e.g. promoting glycogen synthesis， promoting glycolysis， inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase， promoting insulin secretion， increasing insulin sensitivity， enhancing antioxidation. Therefore， the hypoglycemic activity and its mechanisms of action of medicinal fungal polysaccharides showed characteristics of multiple effects， multi-target， and multi-pathway regulation. These finding suggest that medicinal fungal polysaccharides are a promising source for the development of discovery of anti-diabetic agent. 　　[Key words]medicinal fungal polysaccharides; hypoglycemic effect; diabetes mellitus; mechanism of action 　　doi：10.4268/cjcm 　　糖尿病是继心脑