上海市某区孕产妇乙肝表面抗原携带率及新生儿免疫接种情况剖析.docVIP

上海市某区孕产妇乙肝表面抗原携带率及新生儿免疫接种情况剖析 　　摘要：目的 在全国广泛实行二孩政策的背景下，孕产妇数量将大大增加，如何做好乙肝母婴阻断工作，降低新生儿乙肝病毒感染是需要关注的重要公共卫生问题，本次调查旨在了解上海市孕产妇乙肝表面抗原阳性率及新生儿免疫接种情况，为新政策下制定孕产妇人群的乙肝防治策略、降低新生儿乙肝病毒感染率提供科学依据。方法 采用整群抽样的方式，抽取上海市黄浦区所有产科机构2013～2015年所有孕产妇的乙肝表面抗原和新生儿免疫接种情况进行回顾性调查分析，结果用SPSS20.0进行统计分析。 结果 2013～2015年共调查孕产妇29425人，HbsAg阳性率为3.95%，本市和外来孕产妇检测率和HBsAg 阳性率经检验均有统计学检验差异（P0.001）。HbsAg未检测率为1.94%。HbsAg阳性母亲的婴幼儿使用联合免疫（乙肝免疫球蛋白+乙肝疫苗）共1130人，占所有阳性婴儿的98.52%。 讨论 上海市HbsAg阳性率较其他省市低，说明上海市乙肝疫苗接种工作和健康教育方面具有优势，在预防孕产妇乙肝感染这一重点人群中较有成效，但仍应加强对HbsAg阳性母亲的新生儿的主被动联合免疫措施。另外，随着新政策下孕产妇数量的增加，需建立更完善的孕产妇保健机制，做好各项产前检查工作，减少HbsAg未检测人数，以避免因未及时实施免疫措施而导致新生儿乙肝感染。 　　关键词：孕产妇；HbsAg阳性率；联合免疫 　　Abstract： Objective The number of pregnant women would be greatly increased in the background of the implementation of two-child policy in china. How to prevent neonatal from the infection of hepatitis B is an important public health concern. This survey aimed to understand maternal positive rate of HbsAg and neonatal immunization. Provide scientific information for making hepatitis B prevention strategy and reducing the rate of neonatal hepatitis B virus infection. Methods Using cluster sampling research methods to extract all obstetric institutions in Huangpu district in Shanghai from 2013～2015 and collect all cases of HbsAg positive maternal and neonatal immunization. Use retrospective investigation to analyze the data. Use SPSS20.0 for statistical analysis. Results There were 29425 maternal in the survey and the HbsAg positive rate was 3.95%. There were statistical differences of HbsAg positive rate between Shanghai registered permanent residence and floating population. （ P0.001） No detection rate of HbsAg was 1.94%. The number of neonatal of HbsAg positive maternal using combined immunization was 1130， which counted for 98.52%. Conclusion The HbsAg positive rate in Shanghai was lower than other provinces and cities， which showed Shanghai’s advantages in hepatitis B prevention and health education especially in maternal population. But we shou