上海市部分孕妇及育龄女性麻疹抗体水平剖析.docVIP

上海市部分孕妇及育龄女性麻疹抗体水平剖析 　　摘要：目的了解上海市部分孕妇及育龄女性的麻疹抗体水平，为推进开展育龄女性的强化免疫提供依据。方法采用横断面研究方法，调查422例孕妇、350例育龄女性的麻疹免疫史及其抗体水平，以及母体对新生儿抗体水平的影响。结果孕妇和育龄女性的抗体水平阳性率分别为86.97% 和89.71%，保护率分别为36.02%和37.71%。由于麻疹防治历史影响，扩大免疫规划“实施前”和“实施后”出生的女性抗体水平差异无统计学意义（P0.05）。母体抗体水平不受妊娠生理影响（P0.05）。母婴抗体分布一致，新生儿抗体水平阳性率、保护率分别为85.50%和41.50%，母亲有疫苗接种史者，其新生儿的抗体保护率高于无免疫史及免疫史不详者（P0.01）。结论孕妇或育龄女性的抗体水平低，尤其是保护率水平低是低月龄儿麻疹发病的主要因素，建议试行对32岁以下育龄女性的强化免疫工作。 　　关键词： 麻疹抗体；孕妇；育龄女性中图分类号： R511.1文献标志码： A 　　Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the level of measles antibody in pregnant women and women of childbearing age， and to provide evidence for promoting the immunization in women of childbearing age.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted for survey on measles immunization history and its antibody level in 422 pregnant women and 350 women of childbearing age， as well as maternal effects on neonatal antibody levels ResultsThe positive rate and protection rate of measles antibody in pregnant and childbearing-age women were 86.97% and 36.02%， and 89.71% and 37.71% respectively. There was no significant difference found in the antibody levels of females who were born ‘before’ or ‘after’ the planned immunizations （P0.05）， and were not affected by gestational physiology（P0.05）.The distribution of maternal and child antibodies was consistent， and the positive rate and protection rate of antibody in newborns were 85.50% and 41.50%. The levels of antibody （positive rate） in newborns whose mother had history of immunizations were significantly higher than those whose mother had not history of immunizations or unknown immunizations（P0.01）. ConclusionThe low level of antibody in pregnant or childbearing-age women is the fundamental factor of leading to the incidence of measles in the infants of less than 8-months. It is proposed to strengthen immunization work for childbearing-age women under 32 years. 　　Keywords： measles antibody；Pregnant women；women of childbearing age 　　当前初免月龄前的小儿麻疹发病问题已成为全球未消除麻疹国家的共性问题，影响全球消除麻疹的进程[1-3]。我国自上世纪90年代开