外文翻译--非离子表面活性剂（适用于外文翻译+中英文对照）-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

w 关键词：非离子表面活性剂 希夫碱 吸附 表面张力 缓蚀 缓蚀速率 缓蚀效率 a b s t r a c t A novel series of self-assembled nonionic Schiff base amphiphiles was synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectra. The surface activities of these amphiphiles were determined based on the data of surface and interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, efficiency, maximum surface excess and minimum surface area. Thermodynamics of adsorption and micellization processes of these amphiphiles in their solutions were also calculated. The surface and thermodynamic data showed their higher tendency towards adsorption at the interfaces. The synthesized amphiphiles were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum (3SR) at different doses (400–10 ppm) in acidic medium (4N HCl) using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The corrosion measurements showed that the synthesized nonionic Schiff bases could serve as effective corrosion inhibitors. The surface and corrosion inhibition activities were correlated to the chemical structures of the inhibitors. 摘要 一种新型系列自组装非离子型两亲Schiff碱被合成，它们的化学结构用元素分析法确定，红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱。这些两亲分子的表面活性的确定要基于表面张力和界面张力、临界胶束浓度，效果，效率，最大和最小表面积的数据。他们的方案也计算了吸附热力学和这些两亲分子胶束化过程。表面状况数据和热力学数据显示它们对在界面吸附有较大的倾向。 用失重法和析氢技术评价不同剂量（400-10ppm）的合成的两亲分子作为铝（3SR）的缓蚀剂在酸性介质（4N HCl）中的缓蚀效果。腐蚀实验表明合成的非离子型席夫碱是有效的缓蚀剂。表面活性和缓蚀性能与缓蚀剂的化学结构有关。 1. Introduction Ferrous, nonferrous metals and their alloys are extensively used in industry. To remove unwanted scale and salt deposits or mill scales formed during manufacture, metals are immersed in acid solutions, which are known as an acid pickling bath. After the scale is removed, the metal may be subjected to attack by the acids. In order to reduce the degree of metal attack and rate of consumption of the acid, corrosion inhibitors are added to the pickling solutions Hydrochloric and sulphuric acids are the most commonly used acids in the pickling bath [1,2]. Most commercial inhibito