《齐泰高速公路5种护坡灌木根系增强土壤抗冲性比较》-毕业论文.docVIP

中华人民共和国教育部 东北林业大学 毕 业 论 文 论文题目：齐泰高速公路5种护坡灌木根系增强土壤抗冲性比较 学 生： 指导教师： 教授 学 院： 林学院 专 业： 林学2007级2班 2011年6月 齐泰高速公路5种护坡灌木根系增强土壤抗冲性比较 摘 要 齐泰高速公路是较严重的风沙区，选择固沙效能较高的植物在公路边坡植被恢复中具有重要意义。因此，本实验选取齐泰高速公路5种常见护坡灌木树种，采用改进的原状土冲刷水槽法对其根系土壤抗冲性进行测定，对其根系增强土壤抗冲性效应进行比较，最后选出较适合的生态恢复及水土保持备选物种。 通过实验发现：（1）在相同雨强、相同土层、相同坡度下，5种灌木根系土壤抗冲性总是比对照土壤抗冲性大，显示出灌木根系对土壤抗冲性有显著的增强效应。（2）在相同雨强、相同坡度下，除个别情况外，同种灌木根系土壤抗冲性随土层深度变化基本一致，土壤上层（0~10cm）抗冲性大于土壤下层（10~20cm）抗冲性，这主要与根系在土壤中不同土层的分布有关。（3）同种灌木根系对土壤抗冲性的增强效应随坡度的增大而减小，随雨强的增大而增大；但不同灌木在坡度及雨强大小变化时，根系对土壤抗冲性的增强效应会有所变化。（4）总的来说，5种灌木根系对土壤抗冲性都有明显的增强效应，其大小顺序为杨柴、沙棘、柽柳、小叶锦鸡、紫穗槐，建议对前3种灌木推广应用。 关键词：齐泰高速公路；灌木根系；土壤抗冲性；植被恢复 Comparison of Soil Antiscouribility Enhanced by Five Shrub Roots at the Qi-tai Abstract Qi-tai?Highway is one of the most windy desert areas in this region. It is very easy to form the soil erosion regions after the road construction in this area. Therefore, it is very important to choose the species which have the root system of solidifying soil and decreasing water loss for the vegetation recovery at road side. The soil antiscouribilities of different shrub root systems were identified using the undisturbed soil trough scouring method. Then choose the better?Alternative?species? The experiment?found that:?(1) The soil antiscourability for the same species increased with the increase of the soil depth; (2) The soil antiscourability for the same species decreased with the increase of the slope; (3) The soil antiscourability for the same species and increased with the increase of the precipitation; (4) Overall,?the soil antiscourability for five shrub?species are?significantly enhanced?effect, the order of the soil antiscourability for five shrubs is Astragalus mongolicum, Hippophae rhamnoides, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana microphylia, Amorpha fruticosa. We recommended the first three species as the plants of vegeta