《智能小车实验平台超声测距模块的设计与实现》-毕业论文.docVIP

摘 要 本科毕业设计论文 题 目 智能小车实验平台超声测距模块的设计与实现 系 别 电气与信息工程系 专 业 电子信息工程 班 级 电信xxx 学号 xxxxxxxx 学生姓名 xxxxxx 指导老师 xxxxxxxx 摘 要 实验教学对工科学生来讲是至关重要的，实验是培养学生动手能力、工程实践能力以及创新能力的重要途径。智能小车实验平台是针对大学本科学生进行控制实验、大学生电子设计竞赛、业余科技活动等设计的一种实验平台，在此平台上可以进行运动控制、测量、通信等多种实验。智能小车需要测量距障碍物的距离，以便实现转向、避障、寻迹等动作。由于超声波指向性强、传输距离远，采用超声波测距是一种既方便又快捷的方法。 本文设计介绍了一个以MCS-51单片机为核心的超声波测距模块。该设计由超声波发射电路、超声波接收电路、显示电路和串口通信电路等组成，由单片机产生超声波的发射信号和对超声波传播时间进行测量。电路当中采用CMOS门电路作为超声波的桥式驱动，采用集成芯片CX20106A作为超声波接收电路，集成度高，电路简单。 通过对实验电路和程序进行调试和运行，结果表明，该模块具有硬件结构简单、操作方便、工作可靠以及很好的抗干扰能力，能准确测量出与障碍物之间的距离，达到了设计要求。 关键词：超声波测距，MCS-51单片机，CX20106A ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Experiment teaching is very important to the engineering students. Experiment is an important way to develop the ability of students’ practical, engineering practice and innovation. Smart car test platform is an experimental platform which is designed for undergraduate students in the control experiment, Undergraduate Electronic Design Contest, amateur science and technology activities. On this platform, students can do exercise control, measurement, communications and other experiments. Smart car need to measure the distance from obstacles in order to achieve steering, obstacle avoidance, tracing and other activities. As the ultrasonic has a strong point and high advantages, using ultrasonic ranging is a convenient and efficient method. This text describes a design of MCS-51 single chip micyoco as the core of ultrasonic ranging module. This design is made up of the ultrasonic transmission circuit, ultrasonic receiver circuit, display circuit and the serial communication circuit etc. Single chip micyoco generating ultrasonic transmission waves and measuring the propagation time. Circuits which use CMOS gates as ultrasonic Bridge Drive, receiving circuit is improved by using the integrated chip CX20106A, it has high integration and simple