《黑龙江地区沙尘天气形成条件分析》-毕业论文.docVIP

哈尔滨学院 黑龙江省沙尘天气形成条件分析 2012年5月5日 黑龙江省沙尘天气形成条件分析 地理科学 【摘要】 鉴于近些年黑龙江省地区的沙尘天气频繁对人们的生活、生产活动造成了重大损失，严重影响了人们的正常生活活动。黑龙江省沙尘天气在空间分布上多发生在西南部，在时间分布上多分布于春季，发生的范围逐渐减小但发生的强度逐渐增大的趋势，黑龙江省沙尘天气的形成受气象条件影响最为显著尤其是强风日数，气压场的分布与风速风向，沙尘源地则以城市地表裸土、河床及河漫滩冲积物、城市建筑地表与地下土，主要从沙尘天气地域分布规律与季节分布特征，沙尘天气的形成的气象气候因素、下垫面因素、动力因素，沙尘的粒度分析及源地分析并总结沙尘天气的危害。旨在对沙尘天气的监测与治理工作提出少许意见以减小人们生活生产活动的损失。 【关键词】 沙尘天气 形成条件 就地起沙 【Abstract】In view of recent years in heilongjiang province of frequent dust weather on peoples lives, the production activities cause serious damage, the serious influence on peoples normal life activities. Heilongjiang province in the spatial distribution of the dust weather on occurs in the southwest, in time distribution points on offices in spring, the scope gradually reduce the strength of the occurred but is gradually increasing trend, heilongjiang province the formation of the dust weather by meteorological condition the influence is the most significant especially strong wind days, air pressure field distribution and wind speed, dust is occurring city surface bare earth, river plate and flood, city buildings alluvial soil surface and underground, mainly from the dust weather regional distribution rule and distribution characteristics of the season, the formation of the dust weather meteorological climate factors, the underlying surface factors, power factor, the dust grain size analysis and summary analysis and usage of the dangers of dust weather. Aim to the dust weather monitoring and management work puts forward a little advice to minimize the loss of production activity in people life. 【Keywords】 Dust weather Forming conditions On-site the sand narrow-pipe role 一、沙尘天气相关信息概述 1.1沙尘天气定义 沙尘天气是指在特定的气象气条件、下垫面条件、动力条件及水文等特定条件下，大风将地面沙尘颗粒物质卷入空中，使得大气能见度降低的一种灾害性风沙天气现象。 1.2沙尘天气分类 沙尘天气可根据强度和能见度划分为浮尘、扬沙、沙尘暴、强沙尘暴。 其中沙尘暴又可分为沙暴和尘暴，沙暴是指大风将大量沙粒吹入近地面所形成的挟沙风暴，尘暴则是大风将大量尘埃及细小的颗粒物质卷入高空索形成的风暴。而根据黑龙江灾害性天气统计分析又按照其破坏程度和灾害天气建库标准与灾害评估处置标准将其划分为不同等级标准（附表1）。 张桂华【1】等对比了2002年3月出现的沙尘天气的API进行了分析了与API相应的空气质量级别及其对人体健康的影