严复的思辨进路及其意义之分析.PDFVIP

政大中文學報 第一期 2004 年 6 月 193-228 頁 嚴復的思辨進路及其意義之分析 高大威∗ 摘 要 對中國兩千年以來思想史的討論，一般往往將焦點聚於各家具體的 思想內容，相對而言，論析思想家思辨進路的探討則較少，晚清時期， 中國傳統文化受到西方文化的衝擊，此不僅使中國的思想家重新思考傳 統與現實並提出對治之道，亦影響了他們的思想建構方式，諸家見解之 異多與此有直接關係，在近代最具代表的、具有分水嶺意義的應屬嚴 復，其種種看法背後的基本思考格局、脈絡、認知與建構甚有別於中國 傳統型態者此或可視為中國學術「現代性」（Modernity ）的先聲， 本文即將此諸特徵試為勾勒，進而論析其所蘊含之意義。 關鍵詞：嚴復、天演、現代性、公例、邏輯 2004.3.31 投稿；2004.5.7 審查通過；2004.5.17 修訂稿收件。 ∗ 作者現職為國立暨南國際大學中國語文學系副教授。 194 政大中文學報 第一期 On Yen Fuhs Thinking Approach and Its Significance Gao Da-wei Abstract When doing research in Chinese history of thought, most scholars always focus on what the thinkers concern about, whereas on how they think. Under cultural impacts against the West in late Chin Dynasty, Chinese thinkers were not only being forced to advance new ideas, but also being influenced to change their ways of idea constructing. The differences of conception between thinkers might have something to do with this as well. To this, we may say Yen Fuh is the typical character as a line of demarcation in modern China. His thinking scheme, context, recognition and way of idea constructing were so different from those of the others. In this sense, Yen Fuh can be taking as a Chinese learning pioneer of Modernity. To analyze and demonstrate which mentioned above is the aim that this writing attempts to reach. Keywords: Yen Fuh, evolution, Modernity, general law, logic 嚴復的思辨進路及其意義之分析 195 自然需要說明 （explanation ），人則必須理解 （understanding ）。 ～威廉．笛爾塔（Wilhelm Dilthey ，1833 ～1911 ）1 一、前言 一位思想家在學術上的意義和影響，大致可朝兩個向度檢視：其 一是他說了什麼？另一是他如何展開論述？前者之指涉在於言說