鄂西南地区近期植被覆盖度时空变化特征及原因剖析.docVIP

鄂西南地区近期植被覆盖度时空变化特征及原因剖析 　　摘要：在Spot Vegetation NDVI时序数据的基础上，结合土地利用数据，对鄂西南地区近13年来植被覆盖状况的时空变化过程进行系统分析，并对其变化原因进行了探讨。结果表明，鄂西南地区主要土地利用类型为林地，绝大多数地区植被覆盖度均在75%以上，植被覆盖状况和生态环境整体优良；2001-2009年鄂西南地区植被覆盖状况保持稳定，并从2010年后开始呈现明显好转的态势，植被覆盖度好转地区的面积大于变差地区的面积，表明该区域自实施一系列林业生态工程以来生态环境得到了保护和逐步恢复。气温和降水量对鄂西南地区植被覆盖状况变化的影响不明显；2001年以来林业生态工程的实施是引起鄂西南地区自然植被覆盖状况逐步好转的主要原因，而城镇和耕地周边的土地开发利用活动是引起局部地区植被覆盖下降的重要因素。 　　关键词：植被覆盖度；时空变化；原因；林业生态工程；鄂西南地区 　　中图分类号：S771.8；X87 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）17-4514-06 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.17.040 　　Abstract： With the support of land use data and long time series data of spot vegetation NDVI，the spatial-temporal variations of the vegetation coverage from 2001 to 2013 were systematically analyzed， and the main causes in the southwest of Hubei province in the recent years were explored. The results showed that the main land use type was woodland and the vegetation coverage degree in most parts of the region was more than 75%. The vegetation cover condition remained stable in 2001 to 2009 and got better after 2010， and the areas that vegetation coverage degree increased was larger than that of decreased，which indicated that the forestry ecological projects had shown effect during 2001 to 2013. The natural factors， such as temperature and precipitation，had a weak influence on vegetation coverage changes；the key factor of the improvement for vegetation coverage degree was the implement of forestry ecological projects. The land exploitation around the urban and cultivated land was also the main cause that the vegetation coverage decreased in some areas. 　　Key words： vegetation coverage degree；spatial-temporal variations；cause；forestry ecological project；the southwest of Hubei province 　　当前，以植被减少、水土流失、土地荒漠化、生物多样性减少等为主的生态环境退化问题已经给中国社会经济的可持续发展构成了严重威胁[1]。在1998年遭遇长江特大洪水泛滥后，中国政府开始在生态环境脆弱地区实施了天然林资源保护工程、重点防护林体系建设工程和退耕还林还草工程等林业生态工程。植被覆盖度作为监测地表植被生长状况的重要指标，为分析评价生态工程区生态环境的演变提供了可靠有效的手段[2]。以植被覆盖度为基础开展的生态环境遥感监测为此提供了重要途径，尤其适用于区域或者更大尺度生态工程成效的长时间序列监测评价[3-5]。近年来，许多学者通过建