村规民约罚则问题研究-民商法学专业论文.docx

摘 要 村规民约作为农村村民自治的产物对于我们来说并不陌生，村民会议集中代表 农民的意志和利益制定村民自治章程和村规民约，规定集体成员的权利和义务，充 分体现农民当家作主实现自我管理这也无可厚非。但从法理上来说，权利义务与惩 戒性条款是分不开的，实践中各地域村规民约的制定修改过程中也都普遍存在着实 施处罚的情形。从内在逻辑上来看，很多奇特的村规民约都是伴随着社会结构的变 迁和城乡建设而自发形成或为更好的促进乡村城镇化进程而制定的。但是由于村规 民约罚则作为社会第三组织自治的产物，与我国强行法的处罚罚则在制定主体、程 序及效力等级等都有所区别，再加上我国地方政府缺乏统一的监督管理体系，这样 就极易造成村规民约与国家法律的冲突，甚至侵害人权。 本文分为引言、村规民约的基本理论、法律属性和功能、村规民约罚则的设定 与边界、村规民约与国家法的融合和冲突、村规民约罚则的制度困境与法治化路径 和结语共七部分。引言中通过对村规民约变迁的简单介绍，提出本文的研究课题及 研究目的。第一部分对村规民约的内涵、类型及法律渊源进行简析，初步介绍村规 民约的基本理论，为下面的研究问题的提出奠定理论基础。第二部分阐释了村规民 约罚则的法律属性和功能，为接下来的村规民约罚则的合法性和正当性以及如何设 置其边界做了定性分析。第三部分通过学术界对村规民约罚则是否应存在的争论， 探索出制定村规民约罚则的边界。第四部分通过上面分析村规民约罚则存在的合法 及正当性依据，深入探讨村规民约作为乡村软法与国家硬法之间的融合和冲突。第 五部分指出我国农村自治的制度缺陷所在，并提出可取的法治化路径。最后结语， 全文总结，认为要真正的实现村民自治制度，必须改变我国农村的行政化管理模式， 提高民众参与自治的主动性。 关键词：村规民约；社团处罚；冲突；法治化 Abstract Village regulations as a product of the rural villagers autonomy is no stranger to us， villagers assembly represent the will of the farmers and make villager autonomy articles of association or village regulations，Fully embodies the rights of farmers as masters of the country to achieve self management. But in terms of legal principle, the rights and obligations with punitive terms are inseparable, besides they are common in practice. From a logical point of view, Many village regulations are forming with social structure changes, aims to promote rural urbanization process. It is different in the policymakers, procedure and effectiveness between the village regulations and statute law, without a unified supervision and management system in the local government. It is easy to cause conflict with the states law, even violations of human rights. The paper introduced the basic theory of village regulations, legal attribute and function, the establishment and boundary of village regulations, the fusion and conflict between the village regulations and the statute law, the dilemma and the rule of the law about the village regulations. First, the paper introduced the concept, types, the sources of law and so on, a