《镁盐晶须PP复合材料的阻燃性能研究》-毕业论文设计.docVIP

摘 要 本实验采用国内研究成果，以菱镁矿为原料，制备碱式硫酸镁和氢氧化镁晶须，并对其进行表面改性处理。按照晶须与聚丙烯不同质量百分比利用转矩流变仪混炼，用平板硫化机按照国家标准制成氢氧化镁晶须/聚丙烯复合材料标准试样，并对其进行断口扫描电镜（SEM）和氧指数（LOI）测定。 试验结果表明：经硬脂酸锌处理的碱式硫酸镁晶须的活化指数为99.98%，经硬脂酸钠处理的氢氧化镁晶须的活化指数为99.91%，均比未改性的晶须具有更高的活化指数；通过扫描电镜(SEM)检测，改性的比未改性的氢氧化镁晶须与PP具有更高的相容性和更均匀的分布；极限氧指数（LOI）的检测结果表明，晶须的加入可以极大地增强PP/Mg(OH)2复合材料的阻燃性能，随着改性氢氧化镁晶须的添加量从10%增加到60%，氧指数由21.0%增加到35.2%，等量的未改性晶须使复合材料的氧指数由19.5%增加到31.3%，改性的氢氧化镁晶须比未改性更能提高阻燃性能。综合复合材料的力学性能，改性氢氧化镁晶须添加量为40%时，能得到综合性能较好的复合材料。 关键词：镁盐晶须；聚丙烯；阻燃性能 Abstract In this studying, magnetite was used as the raw material to prepare magnesium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide whiskers according to the results of internal researches. Then surface modification was done to them. Torque hyetometer was used to mix whiskers and polypropylene together with different content. Plate vulcanizing press was used to make standard samples according to the national standards. Finally, SEM and Oxygen Index were used to detect the samples. The results showed that the activation index of magnesium sulfate was raised to 99.98% after dealing with Zinc stearate, the activation index of magnesium hydroxide whiskers was raised to 99.91% after dealing with Sodium stearate; both of their activation index were much bigger than that of the unmodified; the SEM showed that the modified magnesium hydroxide whiskers have a more uniform distribution and a better complex than the unmodified. The LOI showed that the flame retardant of PP / Mg (OH) 2 composite materials can be greatly enhanced by adding with whiskers. As the addition of modified magnesium hydroxide whiskers raised from 10% to 60%, the oxygen index raised from 21.0% to 35.2%, the same amount of non-modified whiskers of the composite oxygen index from 19.5% to 31.3%. So to enhance the flame retardant of materials, the modified magnesium hydroxide whiskers was better than the unmodified. It showed eventually that, to get good performance of composite materials, the modified dosage of magnesium hydroxide whiskers was 40%. K