法向承力锚几类锚板承载力的比较研究-工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

河北工业大学硕士学位论文 法向承力锚几类锚板承载力的比较研究 摘 要 锚板的极限承载力研究一直是海洋工程中的重要课题之一。许多学者研究了黏土中锚 板的抗拔承载力。但是，大多数研究只限于黏土中锚板承载力的近似解或由试验研究得到 的经验公式。随着计算机技术和数值方法的发展，越来越多的学者用有限元方法计算锚板 的承载力。随着锚板嵌入技术研究的日趋完善，法向承力锚的应用范围将越来越广，对锚 板承载力性能的要求也会越来越高。要进一步提高锚板的承载力性能，就必须对锚板的形 状做更深入的研究。 本文在充分利用 ABAQUS 中弹塑性分析功能的基础上，基于海床土体的理想弹塑性模 型，建立了反映锚板-海床土相互作用的三维有限元数值模型。通过对锚板施加位移载荷， 求解得到极限承载力的数值结果。 针对三种不同形状的锚板分别建立三维有限元模型。就锚板与土体是否受拉脱开的两 种状况，通过改变锚板埋置深度，改变矩形锚板的长宽比、圆类锚板的椭圆度以及梯形锚 板底角等方式，考察锚板的极限承载力和承载力系数的变化。同时，通过改变矩形锚板和 梯形锚板的系缆力偏离法向的角度，考察极限承载力及承载力系数的变化。在圆类锚板与 土体接触时，考察了锚板表面摩擦因数对极限承载力以及承载力系数的影响 结果表明：随着埋深的增加，三种形状锚板的承载力均呈增大趋势；随着系缆力偏离 法向角度的增加，承载力系数逐渐降低；随着矩形锚板长宽比的增加，其承载力系数逐渐 减小；在圆类锚板中，随着椭圆度的增加，其承载力系数呈轻微降低趋势；对梯形锚板而 言，其承载力系数随着底角的增加而逐渐降低。研究还表明，摩擦系数对锚板的极限承载 力影响不大。 关键词：法向承力锚，承载力，锚板形状，ABAQUS，接触 i 法向承力锚几类锚板承载力的比较研究 A COMPARISION STUDY ON THE ULTIMATE PULL-OUT CAPACITY OF SEVERAL KINDS OF VERTICALLY LOADED ANCHOR PLATES ABSTRACT Ultimate pull-out capacity of anchor plate is always the key problem in ocean engineering. Many scholars have studied the ultimate pull-out capacity of anchor plates in clay. However, most studies have only been the approximate solutions of bearing capacity of anchor plates in clay, or the empirical formula obtained from test. With the development of computer technology and numerical methods, more and more scholars used the finite element method to calculate the bearing capacity. As the development of anchor embedding technology, more and more vertically-loaded anchors will be used in more extensive ranges. So the requirements for the performance of the anchor plates are growing. In order to improve the performance of the bearing capacity of anchor plates, different shaped anchor plate must be studied in-depth. In this paper, based on the ideal elastic-plastic model of soil, and considering the interaction between anchor plates and soil, a three dimensional anchor plate model is established in ABAQUS platform. By applying the displacement loads on the anchor the ultimate pull out capacities are obtained. For the three k