法律谈判的法理分析-法学理论专业论文.docx

摘 要 20 世纪 70 年代发端于欧美的法律谈判，是一种由律师出面，代理当事人解决纠 纷的一种非规范性纠纷解决方式。但是，法律谈判有别于调解、仲裁等纠纷解决方式： 它没有严格的纠纷解决程序，双方当事人可以自主协商约定程序；也没有作为调解者 的中立第三方，只是双方当事人在自主自愿的基础上进行交涉。律师作为双方当事人 的代理人就纠纷的主要事项和解决方案进行交涉，以求实现双方当事人的最大化的利 益。 法律谈判在欧美的盛行，是与欧美的政治、经济、文化背景密切相关的，同时其 也具有深刻的理论基础。首先，法律谈判是一种高度的意思自治，是契约文化背景下 私法自治的体现；其次，法律谈判打破了私力救济与公力救济的界限，实现了两者的 最佳平衡；再次，法律谈判实现了正义的可选择性，双方当事人的利益最大化是双方 选择正义的结果；同时，它也是各种力量综合博弈的结果。这种崭新的纠纷解决方式 令人耳目一新，无论是在民事还是刑事领域对解决纠纷都发挥着不可磨灭的作用。 通过对法律谈判的分析，可以从一个崭新的视角来看待纠纷解决，从中可以为国 内的纠纷解决提供新的思考角度。本文从分析法律谈判的内容和主要运行机制入手， 归纳、提炼其理论基础的中心内容，并探讨它的利弊以及对国内纠纷解决的借鉴价值。 关键词：法律谈判；意思自治；选择正义；博弈理论；诉辩交易 Abstract Law negotiation in occident, originated in the 70s of 20th century, is a non-normative way of solving dispute, party finding a lawyer to solve dispute. However, this way has some differences from other dispute-solving way like mediation and arbitration. There are no strict procedures in law negotiations, and both parties can stipulate procedures according to both wishes: There is also no moderate third-party so-called intermediate and its subjects are only both parties, who can negotiate on the basis of voluntary and autonomy. The lawyers as the agents of both parties act for parties to negotiate on the main issues and the solution of dispute in order to gain the maximum benefit for both parties. The popularity of law negotiation in occident is closely interrelated to the background of Euramerican politics, economy and culture, which also has the profound theory foundation at the same time. First, it is a high-level autonomy of wishes, reflecting the autonomy of private law in the background of contract culture. Secondly, it broke the boundary between private remedy and public remedy and gets the best balance between them. Thirdly, it means people can make a choice between just and unjust, resulting in the maximum benefit in the basis of just, and at the same time it is the result from both debating. This brand-new way of solving dispute makes people refreshing, playing the indelible part wheth