答辩失权制度研究-诉讼法学专业论文.docx

PAGE PAGE IV 摘 要 在当前的民事诉讼实务中，部分被告不在法定期间内提交答辩状，而在法庭 审理时才提出答辩，在一定程度上导致了诉讼迟延和诉讼突袭。在法定期间内答 辩有利于保障双方当事人的争点知情权。而只有保障当事人双方相互之间争点知 情权，增加程序的透明度，才能实现争点集中和审理集中，才会提高诉讼效率。 欲实现庭审集中，构建答辩失权制度则是一个前提。 本文共分为四部分。第一部分为答辩失权制度概述。该部分在界定答辩的概 念、性质、答辩失权的内涵的基础上，将答辩失权定义为：在特定的民事诉讼程 序中，被告没有正当理由而未在审前准备期间届满前提交答辩状的，法院经对方 当事人请求并经审查而裁定其丧失答辩权的诉讼制度。 第二部分为域外答辩失权制度考察。该部分首先分析英美法系与大陆法系的 答辩规则、答辩失权制度，其次探讨两种不同答辩失权制度模式产生的原因，最 后根据我国本土资源的客观情况，提出我国应借鉴的模式。 第三部分为我国构建答辩失权制度的必要性分析。该部分首先考察我国立法 与司法实践中存在的问题。其次分析了学界的两种不同观点，得出结论：我国不 能借鉴英美法系的不应诉判决制度。最后阐述构建答辩失权构建的必要性。 第四部分为我国答辩失权制度构建。该部分从提出基本模式、构建条件出发， 着重探讨制度架构、配套制度以及引入后可能产生的问题。最后根据我国当前制 度资源、结合我国国民诉讼理念，提出制度构建的近期目标即强制迟延答辩的被 告负说明理由义务和承担额外费用义务。 关键词： 答辩 答辩失权 民事诉讼 Abstract There is such a phenomenon of some defendants delay in Chinas judicial practice. Even some defendants submit defense suit in a formal court .The phenomenon of delay is serious in proceedings. To let both parties know each other’s points, to increase the transparency of the process, to realize the focus of dispute points, so we should realize the concentration and focus on the evidence and trial. So the effectiveness of the proceedings can improve .To realize this,the system of loss of the right of defence is a premise. Because the system can keep the defense real and effective from the legal consequences. The body is divided into four parts. The first part is outline of the system of loss of the right of defense.First,to define the concept of defense,to refer to the nature of the defense, perception of the system of loss of the right of defense, we define it as this: in some special civil procedures, when the defendant is not ready to submit during the debate without legitimate reason , the court make the decision of his loss of the right of reply and sentence in absentia for the litigation system by the other party s request . I inspect extra-territorial system of the lose of the right of defense in the second part .First ,I introduce the rule of defense and the system of loss of the right of d