接童气与儿童经验的生长.PDFVIP

“接童气”与儿童经验的生长 ——论小学 《道德与法治》教材对儿童经验的处理 高德胜 【摘要】以往的德育教材将儿童经验排斥在外，“不接童气”。这样的教材既违背道德要求， 又不合道德教育的本义。如何接续儿童经验、“接上童气”关乎德育教材存在的 “教育合法 性”。统编小学 《道德与法治》教材用 “一个经验”去唤醒儿童经验，用经验的表达去实现 儿童经验的重构，以体验去实现儿童经验的提升，以“他人经验”与儿童经验的对流互动去 实现个人经验与社会文化价值的接续。对儿童经验的这些处理，旨在使教材 “入伙”儿童， 成为儿童生活的伙伴，进而实现儿童“入伙”教材，成为教材价值观的体现者、建构者和维 护者。 【关键词】儿童经验；《道德与法治》教材；“接童气” 【作者简介】高德胜/华东师范大学课程与教学研究所教授 （上海，200062） Closetochildernwithchildren’sexperience growth ——How to deal with childrens experience in the textbooks of elementary school “moral andlaw education”curriculum GAODesheng (Institute ofCurriculum andInstruction,East ChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai,200062,China) Abstract: Previous textbooks of moral education exclude children’s experience away from children.They arenot only against themoralrequirements,but alsothenature ofmoral education. It isimportant for “EducationalLegitimacy” ofmoral education textbookstorelatewith children’s experience and close to children. As for textbooks of elementary school “Moral and Law Education” , “an experience” can be used to awaken children’s experience and the expression of experience make children’s experience reconstructed. Children’s experience can be improved by undergoing. “Others’ experience” interacts with children’s experience to realize the connection between personal experience and social cultural value.All ofthese are aimed at making textbooks  本文系教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“生活德育的理论深化与实践推进研究”（项目编号： 16JJD880027）的研究成果 149 become the partner of children so that children also can enter into the textbooks to be their embodiment,constructor anddefender. Keywords:children’sexperience;Moral andLaw Education Curriculum ;closetochildern 德育课程与教材作为专门化的道德教育形态，一个最难以克服的困难就是课程、教材与 儿童生活的关系问题。对儿童来说，他们的生活就是他们的经验，就是他们与环境的互动过 程及其结果。也就是说，专门的德育课程、教材与儿童整体生活的“落差”其实也就是与儿 童经验的“落差”。处理不好这一 “落差”，德育课程与教材就只能“讲述”